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Product Name: 5-Fluorouracil
Chemical Formula: C4H3FN2O2
Common Names: 5-FU, Adrucil, Efudex, Carac
CAS Number: 51-21-8
Recommended Use: Antineoplastic, chemotherapy drug for various cancers
Manufacturer Information: Check package or supplier for current contact details
Emergency Contact: Local poison control center or hospital, manufacturer emergency line
Hazard Classifications: Acute toxicity, skin and eye irritation, reproductive toxicity
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: May cause cancer, harmful if swallowed, may damage fertility or unborn child, causes serious eye irritation, causes skin irritation
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, exclamation mark, health hazard
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust, prevent skin and eye contact, wash hands thoroughly after handling, wear protective gloves and eye protection
Substance: 5-Fluorouracil
Concentration: Typically 98%+ in pure form, varies in formulation
Impurities: Usually less than 2%, not expected to contribute additional hazards
Other Components: Stabilizers, buffer agents depending on formulation; specific information available on request or by examining label if present
Synonyms: 5-FU, Fluorouracil, Carac, Efudex, Fluoro-uracil
Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air, monitor for respiratory distress, seek medical attention if symptoms persist
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin with soap and water for at least 15 minutes, get medical evaluation
Eye Contact: Flush with water for at least 15 minutes, remove contact lenses if present, continue irrigation, seek immediate medical help
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person, get emergency medical assistance
Acute Symptoms & Effects: Nausea, vomiting, mouth sores, skin rashes, breathing difficulty, bone marrow suppression
Extinguishing Media: Water spray, carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, foam
Unsuitable Media: None known for this chemical in typical lab or clinical quantities
Hazardous Combustion Products: Toxic fumes including carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides, hydrogen fluoride
Precautions for Firefighters: Use full protective clothing, self-contained breathing apparatus, avoid inhalation of combustion byproducts
Explosion Hazard: Does not present a significant explosion hazard under normal conditions
Personal Precautions: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, eye protection, lab coat; avoid generating dust
Environmental Precautions: Prevent release to water systems, avoid contaminating soil
Containment Techniques: Sweep up spill using dust-suppressing methods, avoid dry sweeping if visible dust
Clean-Up Methods: Use damp cloth or absorbent pads, place residues in labeled, sealed waste containers, ventilate area
Waste Disposal: Dispose of as hazardous biomedical waste in accordance with institutional and governmental regulations
Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas, wear appropriate personal protective equipment, avoid direct contact or inhalation, keep separate from incompatible chemicals
Hygiene Practices: Wash hands thoroughly after handling, do not eat or drink near substance, prevent accidental transfer to other surfaces
Storage Conditions: Store in original, clearly labeled containers at room temperature, protect from direct sunlight, moisture, and incompatible substances
Incompatibility: Strong oxidizing agents, acids, bases
Separation from Food/Feed: Not to be stored with consumables
Engineering Controls: Work in fume hood or biological safety cabinet when possible, maintain local exhaust ventilation
Respiratory Protection: Use particulate respirator certified for hazardous pharmaceutical agents if dusts or aerosols present
Skin Protection: Chemical-resistant lab gloves (nitrile, neoprene), impermeable lab gown
Eye Protection: Safety goggles or face shield
Work Hygiene: Remove gloves and wash hands before leaving work area, minimize contamination of common surfaces, follow institution-specific cytotoxic drug handling procedures
Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder
Odor: Odorless
Melting Point: 282-286°C
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, insoluble in most organic solvents
pH (1% in water): About 4-5
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature
Relative Density: 1.325 g/cm³
Other Information: Stable under normal conditions
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal handling and storage conditions
Conditions to Avoid: Excessive heat, incompatible chemicals
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids or alkalis
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Byproducts may include toxic gases like hydrofluoric acid and nitrogen oxides during decomposition
Polymerization: Will not occur under recommended conditions
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, eye contact
Acute Effects: Gastrointestinal irritation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, neutropenia, mucositis, skin and eye irritation
Chronic Effects: Bone marrow suppression, immunosuppression, dermatitis, risk of teratogenicity and carcinogenicity
LD50 Values: Mouse oral LD50: about 115 mg/kg; varies among species
Short-term Symptoms: Headache, dizziness, mouth sores, skin dryness, fatigue
Carcinogenicity: IARC Group 3 (not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans), known mutagen
Reproductive Effects: Causes birth defects and fetal harm based on animal studies
Sensitization: Not commonly reported to induce allergic reactions, but all cytotoxic agents can carry risk
Ecotoxicity: Harmful or toxic to aquatic organisms even at low concentrations, can disrupt aquatic food webs
Persistence and Degradability: Incomplete data, but shows persistence in aquatic environments
Bioaccumulative Potential: Low expected due to chemical structure and water solubility
Mobility in Soil: Can leach through soil into groundwater but specific fate depends on concentration, site conditions
Other Adverse Effects: May contribute to pharmaceutical contamination in wastewater, impact on wastewater treatment processes
Disposal Procedures: Collect all waste in clearly labeled, puncture-resistant containers designated for cytotoxic agents, keep segregated from non-hazardous waste
Legal Compliance: Follow local, regional, and national requirements for cytotoxic and hazardous drug waste
Environmental Impact: Never dispose in regular trash or down drains; improper disposal carries risk for environmental contamination and public health
Special Instructions: For larger quantities or spills, contact licensed hazardous waste handler or environmental management service
UN Number: Consult packaging or carrier since classification varies by jurisdiction
Transport Hazard Class: May be regulated as hazardous material locally; not typically classified as dangerous for international shipping at clinical quantities
Packing Group: Data varies; check shipment documents
Labeling Requirements: Label shipments with cytotoxic agent hazard, handle packages with gloves, inform handlers
Special Precautions: Prevent package breakage; avoid severe vibration, heat, or rough handling
US Regulations: Subject to OSHA Hazard Communication Standard, regulated under EPA hazardous waste listings (U010 for bulk waste), prescription drug
European Regulations: Included under REACH/CLP as hazardous, subject to appropriate workplace and transport labeling
Other International Standards: Listed on WHMIS (Canada) as toxic/reactive; those handling require training and medical surveillance
Workplace Controls: Employer policies for cytotoxic drug handling, exposure monitoring, spill control, medical surveillance for occupational exposure
Consumer Use: Prescription only, not available for general public outside clinical management
