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Product Name: 4-Nitro-N,N-Dimethylaniline
Chemical Formula: C8H10N2O2
CAS Number: 99-59-2
Synonyms: p-Nitro-N,N-dimethylaniline, 1-(4-Nitrophenyl)-N,N-dimethylamine
Use: Intermediate for dyes, laboratory reagent
Supplier: Listed on container or shipment document
Emergency Phone: Local Poison Control / Emergency Hazard Hotline
GHS Classification: Acute Toxicity Oral Category 3, Acute Toxicity Dermal Category 3, Skin Irritant Category 2, Eye Irritant Category 2A, Specific Target Organ Toxicity - Single Exposure Category 3
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Toxic if swallowed or in contact with skin, causes skin and serious eye irritation, may cause drowsiness or dizziness
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust or fumes, wash skin thoroughly after handling, use only outdoors or in well-ventilated area, wear protected gloves and eye protection, call a poison center if feeling unwell
Other Hazards: Combustible dust, may cause methemoglobinemia, harmful to aquatic life
Chemical Identity: 4-Nitro-N,N-Dimethylaniline
Concentration: ≥98% pure
Impurities: Trace-level related anilines, moisture < 1.0%, potential N-oxides
Additives: None
Molecular Weight: 166.18 g/mol
Inhalation: Remove person to fresh air, monitor for breathing, provide artificial respiration if breathing stops, seek medical attention promptly
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash skin with copious amounts of water and mild soap, monitor for redness or irritation, seek medical assistance
Eye Contact: Rinse carefully under running water for at least 20 minutes, hold eyelids apart, get immediate ophthalmological evaluation
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water, do not induce vomiting, never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person, obtain urgent medical help
Symptoms and Effects: Confusion, weakness, cyanosis (skin or lips turning blue), headache, nausea, possible central nervous system depression
Notes to Physician: Treat as nitroaromatic poisoning, monitor methemoglobin levels, consider methylene blue as antidote in severe cases
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, alcohol-resistant foam, water spray for larger fires
Unsuitable Media: Do not use water jet directly
Specific Hazards: Emits toxic and irritating fumes (nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, aniline derivatives) when burning, dust can form explosive mixtures with air
Protective Equipment: Full SCBA and chemical protective clothing required
Procedures: Cool containers with water spray, evacuate area, remain upwind, prevent run-off from entering water systems
Personal Precautions: Avoid dust formation, do not breathe dust, wear gloves, goggles and a fitted respirator rated for organic chemicals
Methods for Cleanup: Scoop or vacuum spill using HEPA-filtered device, transfer to labeled container for disposal, ventilate area thoroughly
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains, surface and groundwater, notify authorities if larger amounts reach environment
Decontamination: Wash area with detergent and plenty of water, waste liquids must be collected and treated as hazardous waste
Safe Handling: Avoid contact with skin and eyes, ground and bond containers when transferring powder, operate in chemical fume hood, verify absence of ignition sources
Hygiene Measures: Prohibit eating, drinking and smoking in areas where chemical is handled, wash hands before breaks and at end of day, keep product away from incompatible substances
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed original container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated, locked chemical storage, away from direct sunlight
Incompatibilities: Avoid strong oxidizers, acids, bases and reducing agents
Shelf Life: Check for color change or crystallization as sign of decomposition
Engineering Controls: Enclose process, use local exhaust ventilation, maintain operations in ventilated hood
Exposure Limit Values: No specific OSHA/NIOSH/ACGIH limits set, minimize exposure using good industrial hygiene, recommended OEL based on aniline guidelines: 2 ppm TWA
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene), safety goggles, body suit, face shield as needed, appropriately fitted respirator for airborne dust or fumes
Monitoring: Air monitoring in workplace with colorimetric tubes or gas sampling recommended during extended operations
Appearance: Yellow to orange crystalline powder
Odor: Faint, aromatic
pH (aqueous solution): Not applicable (insoluble in water, pH not measurable as neat solid)
Melting Point: 74–77 °C
Boiling Point: 332 °C (decomposes)
Vapor Pressure: <1 mmHg at 25°C
Solubility: Poorly soluble in water; freely soluble in chloroform, ethanol, acetone, ether
Flash Point: 160 °C (closed cup)
Explosion Limits: Data not available; known risk of dust explosions in confined air
Relative Density: 1.19 (water = 1)
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): 1.74
Decomposition Temperature: 245 °C
Chemical Stability: Stable under dry, ambient conditions, decomposes over time or on exposure to strong light and heat
Hazardous Polymerization: Not known to polymerize
Materials to Avoid: Strong acids, oxidizing agents, reducing agents, bases
Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide, dimethylaniline derivatives, nitroso compounds
Other Conditions to Avoid: Static discharge, sparks, open flame, humidity above 60%, direct sunlight
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): ~150 mg/kg, Dermal LD50 (rabbit): ~950 mg/kg, can cause serious poisoning if inhaled or absorbed
Symptoms: Headache, dizziness, methemoglobinemia (decreased ability of blood to carry oxygen), cyanosis, rapid pulse, confusion, convulsions with high doses
Chronic Exposure: Repeated or prolonged contact can lead to anemia, liver or kidney damage, possible adverse effects on reproductive organs
Sensitization: No data suggest significant sensitization in standard tests
Carcinogenicity: Not classified by IARC, suspected by analogy to other aromatic amines
Mutagenicity: Positive results in bacterial mutagenicity assays (Ames test) reported
Target Organs: Blood, liver, kidneys, central nervous system
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms, LC50 (fish): 2.0–10.0 mg/L (predicted)
Persistence and Degradation: Slowly biodegradable, forms stable organics in soil and sediment
Bioaccumulation: Moderate potential (log Kow 1.74); possible build-up in food chain
Mobility in Soil: Moderately mobile, sorbs to organic matter
Other Adverse Effects: Can cause long-term changes in aquatic environments, discharge into waterways must be prevented
Product Disposal: Treat as hazardous chemical waste, incineration in approved facility with off-gas scrubbers preferred, do not allow into drains or water systems
Container Disposal: Triple rinse then dispose or return to supplier, must comply with local hazardous waste regulations
Special Precautions: Do not burn containers, follow all federal and local rules for hazardous organics disposal
Code Numbers: EPA RCRA Hazardous Waste: U-series, consult with hazardous waste disposal vendor
UN Number: UN 2811
Proper Shipping Name: Toxic solid, organic, n.o.s. (contains 4-Nitro-N,N-Dimethylaniline)
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: III
Labeling Requirements: Poison symbol required, “Keep away from foodstuffs” marking
Special Provisions: Keep container tightly sealed, handle carefully to prevent leaks
Land Transport (ADR/RID): Classified and packaged as toxic solid
Marine Transport (IMDG): Considered marine pollutant, use appropriate containers
Air Transport (ICAO/IATA): Permitted only by certified carriers, cargo aircraft only
OSHA: Not specifically regulated, considered hazardous under general OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
TSCA Status: Listed in US TSCA registry
REACH (EU): Requires registration for significant volumes, subject to SVHC review
SARA Title III: Section 313: Listed as reportable toxic chemical
California Proposition 65: Not listed, but aromatic amines with nitro group often scrutinized
Canada DSL/NDSL: Listed
WHMIS Classification (Canada): Class D1B (Toxic Material); D2B (Skin/Eye Irritant)
Australian Inventory: Listed
Other International Regulations: Subject to local, national and international restrictions governing hazardous substances, check compliance before use or disposal
