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Name: 4-Methyl-1-Cyclohexene
Chemical Family: Cycloalkene Hydrocarbon
Chemical Formula: C7H12
Common Uses: Intermediate for chemical synthesis, research and laboratory purposes.
Description: Flammable liquid and vapor. Exposure often triggers noticeable irritation to skin, eyes, or respiratory tract. Inhalation or prolonged contact likely results in dizziness or drowsiness, particularly where ventilation lacks in a work setting. Combustion produces harmful vapors.
Hazard Symbols: Recognized under flammable and irritant pictograms in GHS labeling.
Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system.
Main Ingredient: 4-Methyl-1-Cyclohexene
CAS Number: 591-47-9
Content: Over 95% purity in most commercially available forms. Minor impurities sometimes present, often originating from starting reagents or side-products in synthesis.
Eye Contact: Rinse thoroughly with running water, lifting eyelids every few seconds. Immediate medical help helps prevent lasting damage.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash affected areas with soap and water. Look for signs of rash or burning.
Inhalation: Move to fresh air right away. If breathing feels strained, consider supplemental oxygen and reach out to a healthcare provider.
Swallowing: Do not induce vomiting. Drink water if already conscious. Seek professional care quickly.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam, or alcohol-resistant foam work best.
Hazardous Combustion Byproducts: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, fine soot. Smoke inhalation makes the situation worse.
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should use standard turn-out gear and self-contained breathing apparatus when flames break out in enclosed spaces.
Spill Response: Isolate the area. Eliminate all ignition sources—no open flames, heat, or sparks allowed nearby.
Containment: Use absorbent materials like vermiculite, sand, or commercial spill pads for cleanup.
Environmental Protection: Keep chemical out of drains and waterways by building dikes or using absorbent booms whenever possible.
Cleanup Procedure: Shovel absorbed material into a suitable container. Open windows or use local exhaust to banish lingering fumes.
Handling: Work in a fume hood or well-ventilated space. Wear gloves and chemical splash goggles at all times. Prevent static discharge using tools rated for explosive atmospheres.
Storage: Lock containers in a tightly sealed, cool, dry location away from ignition sources, direct sunlight, oxidizers, and strong acids.
Compatibility: Avoid storing near halogens or strong oxidizing agents to reduce fire or explosion chances.
Engineering Controls: Use fume hoods or dedicated chemical ventilation. Exhaust fans should not spark.
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, lab coat or other long-sleeved clothing, and closed-toed shoes.
Exposure Limits: Occupational exposure limits fall under broader aliphatic hydrocarbon guidelines, as specific standards for 4-Methyl-1-Cyclohexene rarely appear in regulation.
Monitor Exposure: Air monitoring sometimes relies on portable organic vapor detectors.
Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale-yellow liquid
Odor: Mild, hydrocarbon-like aroma that's fairly typical for cycloalkenes
Boiling Point: Around 126-130°C
Flash Point: Roughly 30°C (closed cup methods)
Density: Approximately 0.8 g/cm3
Solubility: Insoluble in water, freely soluble in common organic solvents
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal lab and warehouse temperatures
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, flames, sparks, static discharge. Prevent mixing with oxidizing agents or acids.
Decomposition Products: Burning forms carbon monoxide, smoke, and irritating vapors.
Reactivity: Double bonds in the molecule open up chances for addition reactions and polymerization if the right catalysts or conditions appear.
Likely Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye exposure
Acute Effects: Short-term exposure leads to irritation, headaches, light-headedness, and in higher doses nausea or confusion.
Chronic Effects: Laboratory studies suggest hydrocarbons of this type may dry and crack skin over time. Repeated exposure often results in central nervous system symptoms.
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as a human carcinogen, but best practice includes avoiding unnecessary or prolonged exposure.
Sensitization: No concrete evidence for allergic reaction, but precaution keeps unexpected symptoms rare.
Persistence and Degradability: Tends to degrade in open environments when exposed to sunlight and atmospheric oxygen, but breaks down slowly in soil or water.
Mobility in Environment: Floats on water and can move quickly across soil surfaces. Accidental releases make their way into drains unless stopped.
Toxicity: High concentrations threaten aquatic life. Vapor releases harm air quality in confined neighborhoods.
Bioaccumulation: No significant tendency to accumulate in living organisms, though monitoring wild life in spill-prone areas stays important.
Safe Disposal Methods: Collect waste in tightly sealed, clearly labeled containers. Send to licensed chemical disposal or incineration facilities familiar with flammable organic liquids.
Regulatory Obligations: Follow federal and local hazardous waste disposal laws as transport or pouring down conventional drains increases risk of environmental release.
Reuse and Recycling: Practical recycling remains uncommon; only attempt in specialized chemical recycling operations.
Transport Classification: Considered a flammable liquid under domestic and international road, sea, and air rules.
Packing Group: Usually falls under flammable packing group III or II, depending on sample purity and flash point.
Container Requirements: Use certified chemical containers designed to withstand impact and temperature changes; labeling must indicate flammability.
Risk During Transit: Transporters deal with risk of leaks, rupture, or accidental ignition if guidelines for packaging and handling get ignored.
GHS Classification: Labeled for flammability and acute toxicity within many international guidelines, including European Union and United States systems.
Workplace Rules: Hazard communication standards push for clear labeling and safety training for all users handling flammable organic chemicals.
Reporting Spills: Larger releases often require prompt reporting to local environmental health and safety bodies, especially if the product reaches drains or waterways.
Other Relevant Rules: Storage and handling regulations follow broader rules for hydrocarbons with similar properties.
