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Substance: 4-Chlorobenzoyl chloride Chemical Formula: C7H4ClOCl Synonyms: Para-chlorobenzoyl chloride, PCBCl CAS Number: 122-01-0 Physical Form: Colorless to pale yellow liquid, sharp pungent odor Industrial Use: Key intermediate in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals
Acute Hazards: Corrosive, causes severe burns to skin and eyes, fume inhalation can damage respiratory tract Chronic Hazards: Prolonged or repeated exposure may aggravate existing skin, eye, or lung conditions Warning Symbols: Corrosive, Toxic GHS Classification: Skin corrosion, Serious eye damage, Acute aquatic toxicity Symptoms of Exposure: Itching, redness, pain, difficulty breathing, chest discomfort
Main Component: 4-Chlorobenzoyl chloride (over 99%) Impurities: Minimal, trace hydrochloric acid and related organochlorides possible from manufacturing
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, keep breathing comfortably, seek urgent medical attention if symptoms persist Skin Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of running water for at least fifteen minutes, remove contaminated clothing Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present, continue rinsing Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth, get medical help immediately Notes for Medical Providers: Symptomatic treatment, consider effects of acyl chlorides releasing hydrochloric acid when hydrolyzed
Suitable Media: Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam; water may intensify release of toxic gases Specific Hazards: Release of hydrogen chloride and phosgene gases possible on decomposition Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective gear recommended Special Precautions: Cool surrounding containers, avoid water contact with leaking liquid due to rapid hydrolysis
Personal Safety: Evacuate area, ventilate well, wear splash-proof goggles, acid-resistant gloves, coveralls, respirator Environmental Precautions: Contain leakage, prevent spillage from entering drains, waterways, or soil Cleanup Methods: Absorb with inert material such as dry sand or earth, collect in tightly sealed containers, dispose as hazardous waste
Handling Advice: Work in fume hood or well-ventilated place, avoid inhalation of fumes, avoid contact with skin and eyes Storage Conditions: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, tightly closed container, segregate from water, alcohols, bases, and oxidizing agents Incompatible Materials: Strong bases, water, alcohols, strong oxidizers, amines
Engineering Controls: Fume extraction, closed process systems where possible Personal Protective Gear: Chemical splash goggles or face shield, acid-resistant gloves, long-sleeve lab coat, respiratory protection if fume risk present Workplace Hygiene: Do not eat, drink, smoke in work area, wash hands thoroughly after handling Exposure Limits: No official occupational limits established, use best industrial hygiene guidance
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid, strong pungent odor Molecular Weight: 174.56 g/mol Melting Point: 6-8°C Boiling Point: Around 224°C Solubility: Hydrolyzes rapidly in water to form hydrochloric and 4-chlorobenzoic acids Density: Approximately 1.35 g/cm³ Vapor Pressure: Moderate at room temperature Reactivity: Fumes in moist air, emits toxic gases with moisture
Chemical Stability: Stable in sealed containers under dry conditions Hazardous Decomposition: Hydrolyzes to generate toxic, corrosive hydrogen chloride gas and 4-chlorobenzoic acid Polymerization: No known hazardous polymerization Reactive With: Water, alcohols, strong bases, amines, reducing agents
Exposure Effects: Corrosive action leads to blistering and chemical burns, inhalation causes lung irritation or edema Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat): >200 mg/kg, harmful or fatal if swallowed or inhaled Chronic Effects: Prolonged contact leads to dermatitis, potential risk of chronic respiratory problems from long-term exposure Sensitization: No strong evidence of sensitization in humans, though individual cases of skin reactivity reported
Hazard to Aquatic Life: Highly toxic, especially in the hydrolysis products which acidify water and disrupt ecosystems Environmental Fate: Rapid hydrolysis in air and water to 4-chlorobenzoic acid and hydrochloric acid Wastewater Impact: Can lower pH, harming aquatic organisms, particularly fish and amphibians
Waste Separation: Collect liquid and contaminated absorbents, keep in sealed, clearly marked hazardous waste containers Disposal Methods: Incinerate in licensed facility, ensure neutralization of acidic byproducts, do not release into sewers or open waterways Local Laws: Follow all disposal rules in the region, coordinate with environmental and hazardous waste authorities
UN Number: 1695 Shipping Name: 4-Chlorobenzoyl chloride Hazard Class: Corrosive, Toxic Packing Group: II Label Requirements: Corrosive label, toxic label, emergency contact during transport Precautions: Keep upright, protect containers from physical damage, keep away from heat and water
Global Status: Listed on major chemical inventories, subject to strict handling and reporting requirements due to toxicity and reactivity Key Restrictions: Regulated under hazardous substances lists, record-keeping for use and disposal required Worker Regulations: Employers must provide safety data, proper labeling, chemical training, and medical access for anyone in contact Community Risk Communication: Facilities using this chemical often required to maintain emergency action plans and inform local authorities
