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The journey of 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin stretches back through decades of organic chemistry research. Long before this compound turned heads in modern labs, coumarin derivatives captured the fascination of medicinal chemists searching for compounds with improved anticoagulant action. In the mid-twentieth century, researchers synthesized and reworked coumarin scaffolds to fine-tune biological activity, hoping to bypass common toxicity while keeping therapeutic value intact. My first exposure to historical references on coumarin research involved paging through yellowed journals and seeing how scientists documented evolving NMR and chromatography methods. They often stumbled on improved synthetic routes by chance or through laborious trial and error. Modern derivatives like 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin embody years of molecular “tinkering”—layering functional groups onto the coumarin backbone, targeting specific pharmacokinetic traits, and refining yields through systematic benchwork. Whenever a discovery like this surfaces, you can trace its roots directly to curiosity-driven organic synthesis and a commitment to pushing molecular boundaries.
3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin stands out in a collection of coumarin-based molecules for its unique pharmacological potential and synthetic versatility. As a molecule that blends the structural features of a hydrophobic benzyl core and the polar utility of hydroxycoumarin, it draws attention for both chemical and biological reasons. Practitioners in drug discovery and fine chemical synthesis value this compound, not only because it points toward medical applications, but also because it serves as a scaffold for deeper study into enzyme inhibition and molecular recognition processes. My own lab experience with similar molecules taught me that even minor changes in substituents can have an outsized impact on solubility, absorption, and downstream effects—not to mention on ease of handling or purification. This molecule’s intermediate size and balanced polarity place it in a sweet spot for experimental development.
The physical properties of 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin often dictate tactics in the lab. Appearing typically as a white to pale yellow crystalline powder, this compound offers a melting point in the range of 162-168°C—a cue for elevated purity and minimal by-product formation. Its solubility reveals another side to its personality: noticeable in organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone and chloroform, yet far less accommodating to water, reflecting the molecules’ nonpolar region. Chemical stability lines up with the coumarin core’s reputation; you can count on it to hold steady against modest light and atmospheric exposure. During handling, I’ve found the characteristic odor of coumarins as an unexpected but reliable signature, often reminding those in the lab of the presence of the compound even before analytical confirmation. Reactivity remains robust at the benzyl and acetyl positions, opening possibilities for functional group interconversion without disturbing the delicate lactone ring.
Detailed product labeling provides more than regulatory reassurance—it guides precise use and safe storage. The technical sheet for 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin details molecular formula (C20H18O4), batch-specific purity (often >98% HPLC), and storage conditions that recommend cool, desiccated areas to prevent hydrolysis or oxidation. Typical labeling includes lot number traceability, synthesis date, and explicit hazard identification, emphasizing the compound's irritant potential. My experience reviewing these sheets underscored the divide between good and poor suppliers—thorough documentation signals quality and consistency. Labs demand knowledge about potential degradation, recommended container material (amber glass over plastic for UV stability), and quick reference to major safety codes like GHS pictograms and R/S phrases. Neglecting sourcing from well-documented batches invites experimental inconsistencies, affecting downstream reproducibility.
The synthetic route for 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin usually kicks off with a Pechmann condensation, coupling a phenol derivative with a β-ketoester under acidic catalysis. Unlocking the Α-acetylmethylbenzyl group often involves Friedel-Crafts alkylation using acetophenone and a coumarin intermediate. The operational steps matter greatly: choosing a Lewis acid catalyst, monitoring temperature for optimal selectivity, and purifying the end product through column chromatography or recrystallization. I watched colleagues struggle with batch variability until they sharpened solvent choices and post-reaction workup. Yield and purity depend on stoichiometry and partitioning conditions, which demand a blend of intuition and precision honed through repeated trials. Such syntheses rarely move forward smoothly without iteration, tech refinement, and dialogue with peers about subtle variables shaping conversion rates and impurity profiles.
The chemical backbone of 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin accommodates a range of modifications. Chemists can introduce halogens on the aromatic rings, install ether or ester groups at the hydroxy site, or manipulate the ketone using reductive or oxidative transformation. The benzyl position offers room for further substitution, such as fluorination for PET imaging agents or amination for bioactivity screening. In my hands, protecting group strategies matter; controlling the reactivity of the hydroxy or acetyl functionalities makes a difference in multi-step synthesis. I often reflect on classic base-catalyzed hydrolysis revealing differentiating reactivity between coumarin derivatives and their isosteres. With such a platform, researchers tinker with molecular tweaks—driving SAR studies and feeding structural biology investigations.
3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin turns up in chemical catalogs and research articles under several aliases. The systematic IUPAC name delivers technical precision: 4-hydroxy-3-[(1-oxo-2-phenylethyl)benzyl]coumarin. Chemists often refer to compounds like this using shorthand such as “acetylmethylbenzyl hydroxycoumarin” or reference catalog designations from commercial vendors. I once spent hours cross-referencing name variants in pilot studies, as misspelled or improperly abbreviated names create confusion during procurement or database searches. Standardizing names across databases anchors collective knowledge, connecting researchers across disciplines and market environments.
Working safely with 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin stands as a non-negotiable priority. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) flag this compound as a potential skin and eye irritant; accidental inhalation or ingestion brings risk, especially with high purity powder. In the lab, gloves, goggles, and localized ventilation cut down on exposure. My experience enforcing containment procedures in scale-up work showed how powder management and decontamination routines matter – a small spill can go unnoticed and prompt delayed symptoms among sensitive staff. Such compounds call for appropriate waste management, as improper neutralization might introduce coumarin derivatives into municipal systems, raising public health questions. Secure storage in labeled, sealed containers anchored in regulated chemical inventories bolsters operational security and regulatory compliance.
3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin finds footing in several technical and therapeutic sectors. Medicinal chemistry groups draw on its functionalized coumarin skeleton to prototype anticoagulants or lead compounds for enzyme inhibition studies—seeking to outpace older drugs in selectivity or metabolic stability. Analytical scientists see value in its structural markers for spectrophotometric assay calibration, thanks to strong UV absorbance profiles. In my own research network, the molecule featured heavily as a test scaffold in high-throughput screens, given its manageable solubility and straightforward chemical tuning. Some groups push its application window into material science as precursors for specialty polymers, although biological emphasis dominates published studies. Crowdsourcing application data across disciplines often uncovers surprising synergies: drug developers and analytical chemists converge over the same compound with distinct objectives but overlapping technical requirements.
Teams engaged in R&D with 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin chase both incremental and breakthrough advances. New methods for functionalization or conjugation keep surfacing, laying the groundwork for exploring structure–activity relationships in medicinal chemistry models. Genomic and proteomic screening techniques harness this compound for probe development—inhibiting specific biotargets, quantifying enzyme activity, or measuring cellular uptake. My collaborations with pharmaceutical scientists highlighted the speed at which high-resolution analysis cycles move: iterative synthesis, microplate screening, and computational docking all orbit the same molecular core. Grant proposals focus on expanding lead libraries, enhancing selectivity and mitigating off-target effects. Robust analytical protocols and automated synthesis platforms encourage parallel progress, reducing down time between ideation and practical implementation.
Toxicological assessment for 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin grows out of hard-won lessons from earlier coumarin analogs. In vivo models track tissue accumulation, metabolic breakdown, and acute or chronic toxicity, focusing on liver and hematologic endpoints. Modest doses in rodents can yield reversible anticoagulation, but higher exposures sometimes signal mitochondrial stress or cytotoxicity. I’ve seen colleagues run extensive off-target assays before even considering progression into advanced studies, attempting to flag subtle cellular changes before adverse reactions surface downstream. Comparative data often gets merged with SAR profiles, sharpening medicinal chemistry logic about where to “cut” or “shift” substituents. Responsible development always integrates early and thorough toxicity screens—falling short invites costly setbacks and lost trust.
The future for 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin looks dynamic, buoyed by rapid advances in computational prediction, green synthesis, and targeted drug development. Chemists weighing environmental impact now explore catalytic, solvent-free routes to trim waste and energy usage. Emerging analytical tools detect previously overlooked minor metabolites, hinting at subtle, long-term implications for safety and efficacy. Regulatory frameworks demand more transparent methodology and traceability for pharmaceutical-grade products, pushing suppliers and users alike to upgrade documentation practices. My own outlook remains optimistic—growing international interest and cross-disciplinary collaboration suggest this molecule’s story remains unfinished, with new use-cases likely to arise at the intersections of synthetic chemistry, biology, and materials science.
Long chemical names often carry a sense of mystery, especially to folks outside the lab. 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin may sound complicated, but break it down, and it contains familiar building blocks. Coumarin itself has a long history in medicine, perfumery, and even food, known for its natural presence in tonka beans and sweet clover. Tweak that basic structure with a few additions, and chemists end up with molecules for highly targeted jobs.
Few chemicals stick around in the pharmaceutical world unless they bring something new to the table. This particular coumarin derivative has piqued researcher interest because molecules like these can interact deeply with enzymes in the body. Many of the world’s blood thinners—like warfarin—trace their origins to the coumarin family. By modifying side chains, scientists look for safer, more predictable anticoagulants. Changes like the α-acetyl group help fine-tune how these molecules work inside us, often influencing how quickly the drug acts or leaves the body.
Step into a hospital’s pharmacy, and you notice the strict handling for drugs preventing dangerous blood clots. Doctors weigh the benefits of keeping blood flowing against the risks of bleeding. Compounds derived from 4-hydroxycoumarin, including this one, form the backbone of oral anticoagulant therapy in many parts of the world. Their long track record helps doctors trust them when there’s a history of stroke, deep vein thrombosis, or a heart condition like atrial fibrillation. Researchers keep refining such drugs, aiming for fewer side effects and less day-to-day management for patients.
Some scientists also look for ways these molecules might act on other pathways—perhaps as anti-inflammatory agents or for fighting certain cancers. In the laboratory, new derivatives get evaluated not only for stopping blood clots but also for diverse biological activity.
Anyone starting a medicine based on this chemical family learns quickly that diet, other drugs, and even illness can shift the drug’s effect. Spinach and kale, packed with vitamin K, can blunt the action of coumarin drugs. Miss a dose, and the risk of clot jumps. Take too much, and bleeding becomes a danger. Tools for tracking and dose adjustment have improved, but the need for regular blood tests and careful monitoring hasn’t gone away entirely. Even as newer oral anticoagulants gain ground, classic coumarin derivatives remain staples in the doctor’s toolbox, especially for complicated cases or certain heart valve replacements.
In my time working around clinics and pharmacies, I’ve watched patients learn the ropes of these medications over months. Some struggled with the constant juggling of diet and medicine. Others felt reassured by how familiar doctors have become with managing these drugs. What stands out every time: drugs like 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin only work well when built into a routine of education, steady support, and regular check-ins. No medicine does the job alone. Strong communication between doctor and patient, alongside continued research, helps unlock the best results—safer, balanced, and tailored care.
Chemical safety doesn’t just mean wearing lab coats and goggles. The care put into storing compounds like 3-(Α-acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin shapes the success of any experiment, the shelf life, and the safety of those who handle it. This particular compound, often discussed in pharmaceutical research and synthetic chemistry, shows sensitivity to moisture, heat, and light—much like the fine ingredients in a gourmet kitchen. Skipping proper storage creates real risks, from degraded samples to dangerous byproducts.
Most seasoned chemists compare proper storage to putting leftovers in the fridge right away. Whether your research group is working on anticoagulants or delving into organic synthesis, ignoring storage cheats the whole project. Even a small slip—like capping a bottle loose for a couple of days—can turn accurate work into a headache of failed reactions or unexplained results. I’ve seen powder turn clumpy and liquids shift color after just a weekend of careless handling.
Water and heat love to spoil pure chemicals. 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin should live in a tightly sealed, airtight bottle made from glass or top-tier plastic. Those containers need a clear label showing the date received, the lot number, and the expiration date, since faded labels never helped anyone. Stick the bottle in a cabinet or refrigerator set between 2°C and 8°C—standard for most sensitive reagents. If space is short, at least find the coolest, darkest area away from heating vents and out of direct sunlight. Last summer, our lab lost an entire batch to a broken refrigerator fan that went unnoticed for three days—a $600 mistake not soon forgotten.
Light speeds up the breakdown of aromatic compounds and coumarins. Amber glass bottles or opaque containers solve most problems. These keep out harmful UV rays, and since many chemicals react to the smallest flash of light, it’s a simple fix. Years ago, one of my mentors drilled home the habit of wrapping light-sensitive bottles in aluminum foil; cheap and easy, it works in a pinch.
Desiccators with silica gel packets stop humidity from creeping in. Too many researchers trust ordinary cupboards, but daily traffic and steam from autoclaves show up where you least expect. Even new containers shouldn’t be trusted out in the open if rain’s in the forecast or the central heat kicks on.
Good storage connects to strong documentation. Every jar or bottle gets logged in a spreadsheet—who opened it, when, and for what project. Labs with regular checks and a sign-out system waste less and avoid confusion. Handling protocols teach new students early that laziness in chemical storage writes off weeks of work and puts health at risk. Real knowledge doesn’t stop at synthesis; it runs through every step, including how we put bottles back on the shelf.
Protecting chemicals starts with training, not just equipment. Any research leader will say the same: Handle 3-(Α-acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin like you paid out of pocket, and the experiments repay the effort. Safe storage reduces wasted money, saves time, and keeps surprises out of the data. Every scientist owes it to their team to treat every bottle with respect, from the first use to the last drop.
Most people rarely hear about 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin outside of chemistry labs or research papers. The name sounds complicated, like something you’d only find in textbooks or meticulous research. Yet, chemicals with complex names sometimes end up in surprising places—industrial processes, manufacturing lines, sometimes even in things we use each day. It’s worth paying attention to how they might impact health and safety, not just in high-level science but in practical terms.
Working with unfamiliar chemicals brought me face-to-face with safety data sheets and seconds-long judgments about handling, storing, or discarding them. You never want to rely on rumors or gut instinct when it comes to chemical exposure. For 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin, empirical research matters. Hazard classifications come directly from measurable tests: skin irritation, inhalation toxicity, persistence in the environment, and how easily something might ignite. Rather than dull theory, these categories become very real in a lab, on a factory floor, and sometimes, in the air or water nearby. Safety protocols lose value if people don’t have the facts to guide them.
Coumarin derivatives carry a story in toxicology. Classic coumarin can cause liver issues if people ingest it regularly over time. Substituted versions like 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin haven't received as much general scrutiny, but small changes in a chemical’s structure can lead to big shifts in risk. Relying on a related compound’s safety profile gives false security. Researchers need to run fresh toxicity studies—short-term and long-term—checking if the compound causes skin irritation, allergic responses, or organ damage. The ECHA and EPA always demand this evidence before manufacturers get green lights. Facts beat assumptions every time.
Folks dealing with new substances at work face enough challenges without mystery chemicals floating in the mix. Without robust hazard information, protective equipment might miss the mark and medical responders may not react fast enough during accidental spills or exposures. Real stories from the field show that gaps in knowledge sometimes lead to health scares or environmental missteps. Simple steps like up-to-date labeling and direct communication seem basic, but in practice, not every site does these well. That gap turns small risks into bigger ones.
Discharge of chemical residues, no matter the quantity, can impact waterways, soils, and wildlife. 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin hasn’t been around long enough in the open environment for anyone to speak clearly about its fate after disposal. Will it break down quickly or stick around? Does it bioaccumulate or transform into more serious byproducts? These gaps call for monitored waste pathways, water system filtration updates, and strict enforcement of existing disposal rules. Local communities should not become testing grounds for unknowns.
Regulation and proactive research both play roles. Industry shouldn’t wait for people to get sick or for problems to surface before they act. Transparent reporting, rigid occupational safety standards, and careful product labeling safeguard both workers and the wider public. Cross-disciplinary collaboration—chemists, toxicologists, environmental scientists—makes risk clearer and safer. Everyone from the warehouse to the research facility stands to benefit from asking tough questions before problems hit the headlines. Information empowers better choices, and that’s not something to leave for later.
Anyone venturing into the world of chemical compounds finds themselves in a landscape shaped equally by logic and curiosity. 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-Hydroxycoumarin stands as a good example of why details matter in chemistry. Its structure ties together tried-and-true elements of organic chemistry—a benzyl group, the coumarin core, a hydroxy group at position 4, and an α-acetyl side chain. Its backbone, the coumarin ring, reminds me of certain blood thinners I learned about in pharmacy—even though not every coumarin acts in the same way.
With this compound, the complexity stacks up quickly. Imagine a coumarin nucleus—the fusion of a benzene ring and an α-pyrone ring. Attach a hydroxy group at the 4-position, then drop a 3-(α-acetylmethylbenzyl) appendage onto it. The benzyl ring features a methyl group and an acetyl group, each bringing their own chemical personality. These groups can tweak properties like solubility, reactivity, and biological effects.
Precision matters in science, so let’s dig into the numbers behind this molecule. To figure out its molecular weight, you need to track the presence of each atom. Here we have:
Bringing it all together, chemists calculate the total formula as C19H16O4. Each carbon atom weighs roughly 12.01 g/mol, hydrogen at 1.01, and oxygen at 16.00. Multiply out and stack the totals:
This number, while simple in the end, comes from careful structural drawing. Years of organic chemistry taught me that even a missed methyl group can throw off an entire project. Pharmaceutical labs build their quality control around small details like these.
Cheminformatics and drug discovery run on the back of this kind of clarity. Scientists use chemical structure as a universal language. Mix-ups can slow down drug approvals or lead to wasted resources in synthesis. Getting the right molecular weight helps set up dosing, especially if the compound finds its way into biological research. Weight also tells us about how the drug will move through the body. A smaller molecule often slips past biological barriers easier than a heavyweight.
Early in my career, I saw colleagues frustrated by impurities that slipped by because structural details were glossed over. Chemists and pharmacologists who double-check formulas sidestep a lot of future trouble. Using trusted chemical databases and cross-referencing literature can prevent wasted time and money. A well-documented structure also paves the way for productive conversations across teams—safety experts, formulators, and regulatory authorities all benefit.
Information like this, grounded in careful science, makes a difference. Whether it’s a pharmaceutical, a dye, or a flavor compound, understanding the chemical structure and weight lays a solid foundation for every application down the line.
Plenty of chemistry students walk into their first lab and meet coumarins—those fragrant molecules behind the scent of fresh hay and some tonka beans. Over time, the chemistry world has created dozens of coumarin derivatives, tweaking them for everything from blood thinners to fluorescent probes. 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin lands on the more obscure side of these efforts. Its chemical name feels like a mouthful, and so do the questions about what it really does.
Right now, if you searched chemistry journals for this compound, the pickings would be slim. It doesn't show up in headline-making studies or big pharmaceutical pipelines. Most research attention circles simple derivatives like warfarin, the classic anticoagulant. People in drug design and medicinal chemistry gravitate to modifications that increase potency, improve absorption, and shrink side effects. A handful of patents and academic notes mention the molecule, usually as part of a larger effort trying to expand the coumarin toolbox. These studies treat it more as a chemical stepping stone than a finished product.
With coumarins, activity hinges on their ability to interact with enzymes—especially those involved in the Vitamin K cycle. Warfarin blocks Vitamin K epoxide reductase and changes the way blood clots. If you ask whether 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin acts the same way, you end up guessing. Based on related structures, it might bind similarly, but without published assays, it's all speculation. Any pharma company planning to take this route faces decades-old giants and generic competition.
I once worked in a med-chem lab that screened unusual coumarin derivatives for anti-cancer effects. Most of them, including ones like this, couldn't match or even approach existing leads. Sometimes molecules show weak enzyme inhibition in test tubes, but lose steam in living cells. The field needs better anti-coagulants with fewer risks, but so far, big advances haven't hit by minor tweaks to this backbone.
In analytical labs, researchers sometimes use coumarin derivatives for fluorescence. The idea is, once you tweak the structure, you might get a dye useful for imaging DNA or proteins. Again, 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin hasn’t become a go-to dye. Proven coumarins like umbelliferone offer stronger, more reliable signals. Scientists stick with what's tried and true unless a new molecule brings clear benefits, like special color shifts or stronger emissions.
People keep their eyes peeled for new uses—chemical synthesis, sensors, or smart materials—but documented practical applications for this compound don’t walk across the patent office desks. The specialized structure could spark curiosity for chemists looking for building blocks, but in the real world, it doesn’t make headlines.
For anyone thinking about novel applications, the starting point is good data. There’s a need for detailed biological testing: enzyme inhibition, toxicity, and maybe even some modern AI-driven screening. Publishing honest negative data would be healthy for science—researchers rarely share what doesn’t work, but failed results stop future dead ends. Some day a person might stumble upon a surprising effect, be it fluorescence or flipping a key enzyme, but today the compound feels more like a question mark than an answer.
The lesson is simple. Lab benches hold stacks of substances that promise just enough to keep curiosity alive. 3-(Α-Acetylmethylbenzyl)-4-hydroxycoumarin sits with them. Until more hands-on work or creative ideas come along, it’ll keep its place in the footnotes rather than the headlines.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | 3-[2-(1-Acety-2-phenylethyl)]-4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one |
| Other names |
Warfarin Coumadin Jantoven Marevan Lawarin |
| Pronunciation | /θriː ˈæl.fə əˈsiː.təlˌmɛθ.ɪlˈbɛn.zɪl ˈfɔːr ˈhaɪ.drɒk.si kuːˈmɑːrɪn/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 63358-86-7 |
| Beilstein Reference | 13,IV,2558 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:31209 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL2106657 |
| ChemSpider | 13936919 |
| DrugBank | DB01076 |
| ECHA InfoCard | ECHA InfoCard: 100.034.400 |
| EC Number | 3.1.1.58 |
| Gmelin Reference | 70210 |
| KEGG | C18758 |
| MeSH | D019666 |
| PubChem CID | 156468 |
| RTECS number | GZ1220000 |
| UNII | HN9Y47VD5R |
| UN number | UN2811 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C18H16O4 |
| Molar mass | 328.35 g/mol |
| Appearance | White to light yellow crystalline powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 1.20 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | Slightly soluble in water |
| log P | 3.65 |
| Acidity (pKa) | 7.8 |
| Basicity (pKb) | 11.90 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | -0.73 |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.5500 |
| Dipole moment | 3.3592 Debye |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 485.6 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -812.6 kJ·mol⁻¹ |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | B01AA04 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Harmful if swallowed. Causes serious eye irritation. Causes skin irritation. May cause respiratory irritation. |
| GHS labelling | GHS02, GHS07 |
| Pictograms | GHS07,GHS08 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| Hazard statements | H302, H315, H319, H335 |
| Precautionary statements | P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P330, P337+P313, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, P501 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 2-1-0 |
| Flash point | > 190°C |
| Autoignition temperature | Autoignition temperature: 410°C |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 oral rat 2750 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | LD50 (median dose): 800 mg/kg (oral, rat) |
| NIOSH | AS4666000 |
| PEL (Permissible) | Not established |
| REL (Recommended) | 0.02 mg/m³ |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not listed |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Warfarin Coumatetralyl Brodifacoum Difenacoum 4-Hydroxycoumarin Dicoumarol Acenocoumarol |
