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Product Name: 3-Nitrobenzoyl Chloride
Synonyms: m-Nitrobenzoyl chloride
Chemical Formula: C7H4ClNO3
Molecular Weight: 185.57 g/mol
CAS Number: 121-88-0
Recommended Use: Organic synthesis, research, chemical intermediate
Supplier: Chemical manufacturers and laboratory supply companies
Contact Details: Supplied by vendor, including emergency contact number
Emergency Contact: National Poison Control Center, local fire department, or provided supplier information
GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation), Skin corrosion/irritation, Serious eye damage
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin and eye burns, Harmful if swallowed, toxic if inhaled, respiratory tract irritation
Pictograms: Corrosive, exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid all contact with eyes and skin, ensure use in a fume hood, do not inhale dust or vapors, keep away from water and reactive compounds, store in tightly sealed containers
Health Effects: Coughing, burning sensation in throat and lungs, eye pain, excessive tearing, redness and severe irritation, gastrointestinal symptoms if ingested
Chemical Name: 3-Nitrobenzoyl Chloride
CAS Number: 121-88-0
Concentration: 98% or more, minor impurities possible depending on supplier
Impurities: Typically trace levels of related compounds, such as 3-nitrobenzoic acid or residual solvents depending on synthesis route
Eye Contact: Immediately rinse with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, lift eyelids periodically, seek medical attention right away
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin immediately with plenty of water and mild soap, seek medical help
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, keep at rest, provide oxygen if breathing is labored, seek immediate medical assistance
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth with water, give water to dilute if conscious, seek emergency care
Important Symptoms/Effects: Severe eye and skin burns, respiratory difficulty, nausea, potential delayed lung effects
Immediate Medical Attention Needed: Yes, for eye and skin exposure or respiratory symptoms
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or foam, avoid direct water streams
Specific Hazards: Emits toxic fumes of hydrochloric acid, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide on combustion, reacts exothermically with water producing hazardous vapors
Protective Equipment: Full protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus, chemical resistant gloves and boots
Advice for Firefighters: Isolate area, do not allow water runoff to enter drains, use only explosion-proof equipment, cool containers exposed to fire using spray
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel, don proper protective gear, ventilate the area, avoid breathing vapors or dust
Environmental Precautions: Prevent liquid from entering drains, sewers or waterways
Methods for Cleanup: Absorb small spills with inert absorbent, place in sealed containers for disposal, use non-sparking tools, neutralize with dilute sodium bicarbonate if safe
Decontamination: Wash area thoroughly after cleanup, ventilate space, dispose contaminated materials as hazardous waste
Handling: Work in a chemical fume hood or well-ventilated area, avoid contact with skin, clothing and eyes, use only with proper PPE, prevent formation of dust or aerosols, keep away from incompatible substances especially water, bases and alcohols
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers, in a cool, dry and well-ventilated space, segregate from acids, bases, oxidizing agents and moisture, store below 25°C if possible, maintain clear secondary containment to prevent leaks
Specific Provisions: Ensure emergency eyewash and safety shower are accessible, restrict access to trained personnel only
Exposure Limits: Not established for 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride itself, follow general OSHA/ACGIH standards for hazardous chemicals
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation, laboratory fume hood or other vapor containment technology, keep airborne levels as low as possible
Personal Protective Equipment:
- Eye/Face Protection: Chemical safety goggles and face shield
- Skin Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, butyl rubber), lab coat or apron
- Respiratory Protection: Approved respirator in absence of local ventilation
- Hygiene Controls: Wash hands thoroughly after handling, avoid eating or drinking near this material
Appearance: Pale yellow crystalline solid
Odor: Pungent, irritating
Odor Threshold: Not determined
Melting Point: 64–66°C
Boiling Point: 276°C (decomposes)
Solubility: Reacts with water, soluble in organics like benzene, ether, most chlorinated solvents
Vapor Pressure: Low at room temp
Density: Approx. 1.55 g/cm³ at 25°C
pH: Not applicable
Flash Point: Not readily flammable, but may ignite at high temperature
Partition Coefficient: No data
Autoignition Temperature: Not determined
Decomposition Temperature: Above 200°C
Chemical Stability: Stable in sealed containers at ambient temperature, moisture-sensitive
Reactivity: Violent reaction with water, bases, alcohols, amines, releases heat and corrosive gases
Hazardous Reactions: Decomposes in moisture or high heat producing toxic fumes, reacts strongly with oxidizing agents and strong bases
Incompatibles: Water, alcohols, bases, strong oxidizers
Polymerization: Hazardous polymerization does not occur
Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, nitrous gases, carbon oxides
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion
Acute Toxicity: Harmful if inhaled or swallowed, severe burns to skin and eyes
Corrosivity: Causes burns to all tissues contacted
Chronic Toxicity: Prolonged exposure may cause dermatitis, chronic respiratory irritation, allergic skin reactions
Symptoms: Burning, severe irritation, coughing, sore throat, respiratory distress, abdominal pain
Carcinogenicity: Not listed as known carcinogen by NTP, IARC or OSHA for 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride specifically
Mutagenicity: Data inconclusive; caution recommended
Reproductive Effects: No data available
Aquatic Toxicity: May cause acute effects to aquatic life due to corrosive and toxic properties
Environmental Fate: Hydrolyzes rapidly in contact with water, breaks down to 3-nitrobenzoic acid and hydrochloric acid
Persistence: Not expected to persist in presence of moisture
Bioaccumulation: Unlikely due to reactivity
Mobility in Soil: Will react with moisture in soil
Other Effects: Spills to water may cause severe local damage to aquatic organisms
Disposal Methods: Treat as hazardous waste, follow all federal, state and local regulations, small amounts can be neutralized cautiously with soda ash then disposed via chemical waste facility
Container Handling: Triple-rinse empty containers with suitable neutralizing solution, dispose as hazardous laboratory waste
Other Precautions: Do not discharge to sewers or environment, work with licensed waste disposal contractors
UN Number: UN 3261
Proper Shipping Name: Corrosive Solid, Acidic, Organic, N.O.S. (3-Nitrobenzoyl Chloride)
Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive)
Packing Group: II
DOT/IATA/IMDG: Classified as hazardous, full declaration and packaging required
Special Precautions: Keep container tightly closed, avoid all moisture during transport, ensure secondary containment during transit
OSHA: Hazardous chemical, subject to workplace safety regulations
TSCA: Listed chemical
SARA 313: Not listed
California Proposition 65: Not listed
WHMIS (Canada): Classified D2B (Toxic material causing other toxic effects), E (Corrosive material)
Other Regulations: Subject to import/export and transport regulations for toxic and corrosive chemicals, employers required to train handlers on hazards and safety procedures
