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Chemical Name: 3-Hexanone Common Synonyms: Ethyl propyl ketone, Hexan-3-one CAS Number: 589-38-8 Molecular Formula: C6H12O Molecular Weight: 100.16 g/mol Appearance: Colorless liquid Odor: Sweet, fruity scent
GHS Classification: Flammable liquid, Acute toxicity (oral and inhalation), Eye irritation Signal Word: Warning Pictograms: Flame, Exclamation mark Hazard Statements: Flammable liquid and vapor, harmful if swallowed or inhaled, causes mild to moderate eye irritation Potential Health Effects: Inhalation can cause coughing, dizziness; Skin and eye contact may result in irritation; Ingestion may cause gastrointestinal discomfort
Substance: 3-Hexanone Concentration: More than 95% purity in laboratory settings commonly Impurities: Minor possible traces of structural isomers such as 2-hexanone, water less than 0.5%
Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air, keep at rest in comfortable position, seek medical attention if breathing discomfort persists Skin Contact: Wash off with plenty of water and mild soap, remove contaminated clothing Eye Contact: Rinse opened eye immediately with running water for at least 10 minutes, seek medical advice for persistent irritation Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, call physician if large amounts are swallowed
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical powder, or carbon dioxide Unsuitable Media: Avoid water jets directly on burning liquid Hazardous Combustion Products: May release carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full-body fire protective gear Fire/Explosion Risks: Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air, can travel to ignition sources and flash back
Personal Precautions: Keep away from ignition sources, ventilate area, avoid inhalation, wear proper protective equipment Environmental Precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe, avoid direct discharge to drains and water courses Cleanup Methods: Contain spill with inert material like sand or earth, collect with non-sparking tools, place into containers for proper disposal
Safe Handling: Use only in well-ventilated places; keep away from open flames, sparks, and sources of ignition; avoid contact with skin and eyes Safe Storage: Store in tightly closed containers, in a cool and dry area away from heat sources and incompatible substances such as strong oxidizers Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation or general mechanical ventilation recommended Eye Protection: Chemical splash goggles Skin Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves, lab coat, long sleeves Respiratory Protection: Respirator recommended for high concentration scenarios or inadequate ventilation Occupational Exposure Limit: No specific OSHA or ACGIH limit established for 3-hexanone, but similar ketones often use a TWA guideline of 50-100 ppm for workplace exposure
Physical State: Liquid Color: Clear to colorless Boiling Point: Around 127°C Melting Point: Around -56°C Flash Point: 29°C (Closed cup) Evaporation Rate: Moderate (compared with acetone and related ketones) Vapor Pressure: 11 mmHg at 25°C Density: 0.818 g/mL at 25°C Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, miscible with organic solvents Partition Coefficient (log Kow): Estimated at around 1.5
Chemical Stability: Stable at standard room temperature and pressure, away from light and heat sources Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, open flames, strong oxidizers Hazardous Decomposition: Burning produces carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, possible small amounts of volatile organic compounds Polymerization: Not known to polymerize under normal conditions
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion Acute Effects: Dizziness, nausea, CNS depression possible; irritation to eyes; mild skin irritation noted in some animal studies Chronic Effects: No documented cases of long-term toxicity in humans, but similar ketones may lead to nervous system effects after prolonged exposure Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC or NTP Sensitization: No data to suggest skin or respiratory sensitizer
Aquatic Toxicity: Low to moderate toxicity to aquatic organisms, based on similar aliphatic ketones Persistence and Degradability: Readily biodegradable in the environment Bioaccumulation: Unlikely to bioaccumulate in aquatic life, low log Kow Mobility in Soil: Expected to have moderate mobility in soil; volatility can result in air emissions Other Environmental Effects: Large spills may create localized pollution of soil and surface waters
Waste Disposal Method: Dispose of as hazardous waste according to local, regional, or national regulations; do not pour into drains Container Disposal: Thoroughly empty and triple-rinse containers before recycling or landfilling according to regulatory requirements Preferred Disposal: Incineration in licensed chemical waste incinerators
UN Number: 1224 UN Proper Shipping Name: Ketones, liquid, n.o.s. (including 3-hexanone) Transport Hazard Class: Class 3 (Flammable liquids) Packing Group: III Labeling Requirements: Flammable liquid symbol required on all bulk shipments Transport Precautions: Keep containers upright and secure, protect from physical damage and ignition sources
Chemical Inventories: Listed in major national inventories such as TSCA (US), EINECS (EU), DSL (Canada) SARA Title III (Sections 311/312): Fire hazard, immediate health hazard REACH Status: Registered in accordance with EU chemical safety regulations California Proposition 65: Not listed as a known carcinogen or reproductive toxin under current listings Regulatory Restrictions: Standard workplace safety obligations for chemical handling and transport; monitoring recommended depending on workplace use
