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Chemical Name: 3-Fluoroaniline
Synonyms: m-Fluoroaniline, 1-Amino-3-fluorobenzene
CAS Number: 372-19-0
Appearance: Pale yellow to colorless liquid
Odor: Characteristic, similar to aniline
Main Hazards: Toxic if swallowed, skin contact, or inhalation; possible carcinogen; causes burns; harmful to aquatic life
Hazard Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, exclamation mark
Health Effects: Eyes, skin, and respiratory tract irritant; risk of methemoglobinemia and hemolytic anemia after exposure
Environmental Hazards: Dangerous to water sources, even in small quantities
Chemical Formula: C6H6FN
Active Ingredient: 3-Fluoroaniline, pure or containing trace related anilines
Impurities: Typically includes only minor amounts of structurally related compounds from synthesis
Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air; seek immediate medical attention if difficulty breathing, dizziness, or unconsciousness
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash skin with plenty of water; get medical help if irritation develops
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, holding eyelids open; seek urgent medical attention for persistent irritation
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly; do not induce vomiting; seek immediate medical care—treat as medical emergency due to toxicity risk
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide
Fire Hazards: Produces toxic fumes under fire, including hydrogen fluoride and nitrogen oxides
Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective gear to avoid toxic exposure
Special Precautions: Cool exposed containers with water spray, stay upwind and avoid inhaling combustion products
Personal Precautions: Do not touch or walk through spilled material; ventilate area and wear chemical-resistant clothing
Environmental Precautions: Prevent release into drains, watercourses, or soil; report spillage to environmental authorities
Spill Cleanup: Absorb with inert material like sand or vermiculite, collect in sealed containers for disposal
Handling: Only use in well-ventilated spaces, avoid breathing vapors, never handle without proper gloves and eye protection
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, ventilated area away from ignition sources and incompatible chemicals such as strong oxidizing agents
Incompatibilities: Strong acids, bases, oxidizers; avoid risk of hazardous reactions
Ventilation: Fume hoods or local exhaust to limit vapor buildup
Respiratory Protection: NIOSH-approved respirators for handling, especially in poorly ventilated areas or above exposure limits
Skin Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves, long-sleeve clothing
Eye Protection: Splash safety goggles or face shields
Workplace Monitoring: Regular air testing in labs and industries handling aromatic amines
Molecular Weight: 111.12 g/mol
Boiling Point: 188-190°C
Melting Point: Approximately -2°C
Flash Point: Around 77°C (closed cup)
Vapor Pressure: Low at room temperature
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, highly soluble in organic solvents
Density: About 1.16 g/cm³ at 20°C
Odor Threshold: Distinct but not easy to quantify
Chemical Stability: Generally stable at room temperature with proper storage
Hazardous Reactions: Violent reaction possible with oxidizers; emits toxic gases on decomposition
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, flames, sparks, and incompatible substances
Decomposition Products: Ammonia, hydrogen fluoride, nitrogen oxides under combustion or strong heating
Acute Toxicity: Highly toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact
Chronic Effects: Liver or kidney damage possible; methemoglobinemia risk after repeated exposure
Symptoms: Skin discoloration, headache, dizziness, nausea, cyanosis after significant exposure
Sensitization: Risk of skin or respiratory allergenicity for sensitive individuals
Carcinogenicity: Aromatic amines have a controversial safety record, with some classified as suspected carcinogens; studies incomplete for 3-Fluoroaniline
Toxicity to Aquatic Life: Toxic to fish and daphnia, even at low concentrations
Persistence and Degradability: Persistent in soil and aquatic systems, slow to biodegrade
Bioaccumulation: May accumulate in aquatic organisms
Mobility: Can leach in water systems, especially if released improperly
Waste Treatment: Incinerate under controlled conditions or dispose through licensed chemical waste handlers
Disposal Precautions: Never pour into drains; containment and specialized disposal outlined by local environmental agencies help avoid soil or water contamination
Container Cleanup: Rinse empty containers thoroughly before recycling or incineration
UN Number: Typically classified under UN2735 for aminated compounds with toxic hazard
Transportation Hazards: Classified as a hazardous material for road, rail, sea, and air
Packing Group: Often Group II or III, reflecting significant health risks
Handling During Shipping: Closed, upright, appropriately labeled containers, shipped with compliance to international agreements like ADR or IMDG
Workplace Exposure Limits: Many countries recommend low exposure limits; check national occupational safety regulations
Chemical Inventory Status: Listed on many regional inventories such as REACH and TSCA
Labeling: Labels reflect acute toxicity and aquatic hazard statements under GHS or similar frameworks
Special Provisions: Handling, reporting, and disposal obligations under hazardous substances rules; regular reporting for workplace use often required
