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Chemical Name: 2-Phenylphenol
Common Names: o-Phenylphenol, 2-Biphenylol
Chemical Formula: C12H10O
Physical Appearance: White to light tan crystals, sometimes appearing as a powder
Odor: Characteristic, almost pungent
CAS Number: 90-43-7
Uses: Disinfecting agent, preservative, fungicide found in agriculture and cleaning products
GHS Classification: Skin irritant, serious eye irritant, hazardous to aquatic life
Health Hazards: Causes irritation to skin and mucous membranes; may cause redness and itching on contact; can trigger burning sensation or rash with repeated handling; non-volatile but dust or splinters may cause sneezing or coughing
Environment Hazards: Toxic to fish and aquatic organisms, especially in concentrated spills; persistence in water leads to bioaccumulation
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Pictograms: Exclamation mark, environmental hazard symbol
Precautionary Statements: Avoid dust inhalation, wear gloves and eye protection, prevent release to waterways
Main Ingredient: 2-Phenylphenol (typically above 99%)
Impurities: Depending on manufacturer, trace levels of biphenyl and other byproducts may occur
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, support breathing if needed, rinse mouth if coughing continues
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash skin thoroughly with soap and water; persistent irritation should prompt medical review
Eye Contact: Rinse open eyes gently with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses to flush more thoroughly; seek medical help if irritation persists
Ingestion: Rinse mouth and drink water if conscious, seek immediate medical advice, avoid inducing vomiting unless directed by medical personnel
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide, or water spray for larger fires
Combustion Hazards: Toxic smoke, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and phenolic vapors released when burning
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should use full protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus to avoid exposure to irritating fumes
Firefighting Tactics: Cool exposed containers with water spray, prevent runoff from contaminating nearby waterways
Personal Protection: Wear dust respirator, goggles, protective gloves, and clothing to avoid skin and eye contact
Cleanup Procedures: Scoop or sweep up spilled crystals without generating dust; place in suitable sealed containers for disposal; avoid flushing large amounts into drains
Environmental Care: Prevent material from entering sewers or watercourses; notify authorities if significant environmental release occurs
Safe Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas, avoid dust creation, and minimize direct contact; maintain cleanliness to reduce contamination risk
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers, preferably in a dry, cool, well-ventilated space away from reach of children; separate from strong acids, bases, and oxidizers
Engineering Controls: Ventilation systems or exhaust fans recommended in enclosed spaces
Personal Protective Equipment: Nitrile gloves, chemical splash goggles, and lab coats or aprons; dust masks for routine handling or respirators for high concentrations
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling, never eat or drink during exposure
Appearance: White or off-white crystalline solids
Odor: Pungent, slightly medicinal
Melting Point: About 56°C
Boiling Point: Near 282°C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, more soluble in ethanol or acetone
Vapor Pressure: Low under ambient conditions
Density: Around 1.25 g/cm³
pH: Not applicable for solid form
Stability: Stable under normal conditions of use and storage
Incompatibilities: Strong oxidizing agents, acidic or basic materials may trigger hazardous reactions
Hazardous Decomposition: Carbon oxides and phenol vapors can form under strong heating or fire
Polymerization: Does not undergo dangerous polymerization
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation of dust, skin and eye contact, swallowing
Short-Term Effects: Irritation of eyes and skin, respiratory discomfort from dust
Long-Term Effects: Prolonged or repeated skin contact can lead to dermatitis; high-dose inhalation over time may affect nasal passages
LD50 (Oral - Rat): Roughly 2700 mg/kg
Carcinogenicity: Classified by some agencies as possibly carcinogenic with long-term exposure, though risk depends on dose and route
Other Effects: Not known to produce reproductive or developmental toxicity based on available data
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to fish and aquatic invertebrates, acute and chronic effects documented at higher concentrations
Bioaccumulation: Moderate risk if continually discharged to water sources
Persistence: Degrades slowly in natural environments
Soil Mobility: Low, binds to organic matter
Safe Disposal: Gather solid material into sealed containers for safe landfilling or incineration at licensed facilities
Do Not: Pour large amounts into wastewater systems or natural water bodies; burning in open air should be strictly avoided
Regulatory Disposal: Follow national or regional hazardous waste rules, coordinate with registered disposal services
UN Number: Regulated differently in various countries based on quantity and concentration
Transport Hazard Class: Often classed as non-dangerous in packaged form but check mode of transport and local regulations
Packing Advice: Ship in tightly sealed containers, keep secure to prevent accidental release or damage
Accidental Release During Transit: Notify carrier and competent authority, follow safety guidelines for cleanup
Registered Permissions: Approved for limited use in disinfectants and biocidal products in several countries, subject to periodic review
Occupational Exposure Limits: Recommendations range around 5 mg/m³ for workplace air, though this value shifts by jurisdiction
Labeling Requirements: Containers must display hazard pictograms and warnings as set by GHS or local law
Restricted Applications: Regulatory trends show tighter controls on use in food-contact and consumer products, citing health and environmental concerns
