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Chemical Name: 2-Nonene
Synonyms: Alfa-Nonylene, Non-2-ene
Chemical Formula: C9H18
Appearance: Colorless, oily liquid with a mild aromatic odor
Common Uses: Intermediate in organic synthesis, manufacturing surfactants, and specialty chemical production
Classification: Flammable liquid, possible skin and eye irritant
Physical Hazards: Catches fire easily; vapors may travel and ignite below typical room temperatures
Health Hazards: Vapors cause irritation if inhaled; prolonged exposure raises risks for headaches, dizziness, nausea
Environmental Hazards: Harm to aquatic life if released, potential for bioaccumulation in water systems
Warning Symbols: Flammable, irritant
Main Ingredient: 2-Nonene, typically above 95% purity
Impurities: Small amounts of isomeric nonenes or heavier hydrocarbons
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, get medical help for persistent symptoms including shortness of breath, dizziness, or coughing
Skin Contact: Wash exposed skin with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing
Eye Contact: Rinse gently with water for at least 15 minutes; consult a doctor if irritation continues
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting; seek medical assistance if feeling unwell or if large amounts are swallowed
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide; water spray can cool containers but won't always extinguish fire
Special Risks: Vapors spread along ground, increasing risk of flashback ignition
Fire-Fighting Advice: Wear full protective clothing, breathing apparatus; cool drums with water spray to avoid pressure build-up
Hazardous Combustion Products: Emits toxic fumes such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, possibly low levels of aldehydes
Personal Precautions: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, and protective clothing to keep splashes and vapors away from skin and eyes
Spill Control: Avoid open flames, isolate area, use non-sparking tools to collect liquid
Environmental Steps: Prevent runoff into sewers, soil, or waterways; absorb with inert materials like sand or diatomaceous earth
Disposal of Cleanup Materials: Place collected waste in tightly sealed, appropriately labeled containers for disposal under local regulations
Handling: Keep containers tightly sealed; store in well-ventilated places with explosion-proof ventilation and away from ignition sources
Storage: Avoid direct sunlight, heat, sparks, and open flames; use approved flammable-liquid storage rooms and drums
Incompatibilities: Keep separate from oxidizers, acids, and alkalis; avoid storing near food and beverages
Exposure Limits: No established occupational exposure limit, but advisable to work under well-ventilated or local exhaust conditions
Eye Protection: Chemical splash goggles or safety glasses
Skin Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves, coverings for exposed skin
Respiratory Protection: Use a respirator with organic vapor cartridges in situations with insufficient ventilation
Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after handling, and avoid eating or drinking while working
Boiling Point: Between 146°C–149°C
Melting Point: Less than -80°C
Density: About 0.74 g/cm³ at 20°C
Vapor Pressure: Moderate, increases with temperature
Solubility: Practically insoluble in water, fully miscible with organic solvents including alcohols, ethers, and hydrocarbons
Odor Threshold: Noticeable at relatively low concentrations
Flash Point: Around 36°C (closed cup method)
Auto-Ignition Temperature: Above 230°C
Chemical Stability: Stays stable under recommended storage and handling conditions
Reactivity: Vigorous reactions with strong oxidizers
Hazardous Decomposition: Produces carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide when heated or burned; risk increases with prolonged exposure to air, light, or moisture
Polymerization: Not expected under normal use
Acute Toxicity: Low to moderate toxicity via inhalation and ingestion; symptoms include nervous system effects, irritation of mucous membranes
Skin and Eye Effects: Prolonged or repeated exposure causes dryness, redness, and itching
Long-Term Exposure: No clear evidence on carcinogenicity or reproductive toxicity according to open literature; prudent to limit unnecessary contact
Sensitization: Not known to cause allergic reactions in most cases
Persistence: Breaks down slowly in the environment due to low water solubility
Mobility: Tends to float on water, spreads rapidly over surfaces
Toxicity to Aquatic Life: Toxic to fish and invertebrates at elevated concentrations, with risk of long-term damage to aquatic habitats
Bioaccumulation: Moderate hazard due to buildup potential in living organisms over time
Waste Handling: Treat as hazardous waste in line with local, regional, or national regulations; incineration advised at licensed facilities
Unclean Packaging: Rinse thoroughly before recycling or dispose as hazardous waste
Avoidance: Do not release to the environment; prevent disposal through drains or general refuse
Shipping Name: Flammable Liquid
Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquids)
Packing Group: II or III, depending on the country or carrier
Label Requirements: Red flammable diamond, with clear product marking
Special Measures: Ship in secure, sealed containers away from oxidizers or corrosives; use trained personnel for loading and unloading due to fire hazard
Labelling Requirements: Flammability warning; health hazard icons
Environmental Reporting: Notify regulators in the event of significant spills or environmental releases
Workplace Controls: Follow national standards for storing and handling flammable chemicals, with risk assessments for operational safety
Restriction: Compliance with The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH), OSHA Hazard Communication, and similar regional chemical safety laws
