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Product Name: 2-Nitro-1,3-Xylene
Chemical Formula: C8H9NO2
CAS Number: 579-98-4
Synonyms: 2-Nitro-m-xylene, 1,3-Dimethyl-2-nitrobenzene
Recommended Use: Laboratory chemical, intermediates in chemical synthesis
Manufacturer: Check supplier documentation for current information
Emergency Contact: Refer to local guidelines for emergency phone numbers and national poison centers
GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation), Eye irritation, Skin irritation, Specific target organ toxicity
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed, Toxic in contact with skin or inhaled, Causes skin irritation, Causes serious eye irritation
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, Exclamation mark
Signal Word: Danger
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust or fumes, wear protective gloves, avoid contact with eyes and skin, wash exposed skin thoroughly after handling, do not eat or drink when using this product
Potential Health Effects: Shortness of breath, nausea, headache, sore throat, red or inflamed eyes, redness or blistering on exposed skin, central nervous system effects with prolonged exposure
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin absorption, eye contact
Chemical Name: 2-Nitro-1,3-Xylene
Chemical Family: Aromatic nitro compound
Concentration: 98% or greater (based on supplier specification)
Impurities and Stabilizers: Trace amounts of other nitroxylenes, less than 2% non-hazardous fillers
EC Number: 209-446-8
Molecular Weight: 151.17 g/mol
Inhalation: Move individual to fresh air immediately; monitor for breathing difficulty; administer oxygen if breathing is difficult; seek medical attention
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing; rinse skin with plenty of running water for 15 minutes; apply mild soap; seek medical help for irritation or burns
Eye Contact: Rinse eye slowly and gently with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; remove contact lenses if easily possible; seek immediate medical advice
Ingestion: Rinse mouth carefully with water, never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person; do not induce vomiting; contact a poison control center or physician quickly
Acute Symptoms: Irritation of eyes, skin, respiratory tract; nausea; vomiting; dizziness
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical powder, foam, carbon dioxide, water spray
Fire/Explosion Hazards: Emits toxic gases such as nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides when burned, risk of dust explosion in confined or unventilated areas
Specific Hazards Arising from Material: Heated containers may rupture or explode in fire conditions; vapors may travel significant distances and ignite
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective suit
Special Procedures: Withdraw from area if gas cloud or fire intensifies, prevent run-off from entering drains or sewers
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area, ventilate, avoid exposure to vapors, wear suitable personal protective equipment including gloves, eye protection, lab coat, and, if airborne exposure is high, suitable respirator
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spill from entering water systems or soil, alert local authorities if large-scale release threatens environment
Containment and Cleanup: Absorb with inert material such as sand or vermiculite, place in suitable container for disposal, decontaminate spill site after material pick-up
Decontamination Procedures: Wash spill area with soap and water after clean-up, ventilate thoroughly
Handling: Work in a well-ventilated area, avoid breathing dust or vapors, avoid contact with skin, eyes and clothing, wash hands thoroughly after handling, use non-sparking tools and explosion-proof equipment
Storage: Store in tightly closed container in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances like strong oxidizers, acids, or bases; protect from light and moisture
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers, acids, reducing agents
Exposure Limits: No OSHA PEL or ACGIH TLV established; minimize exposure as a best practice
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation, chemical fume hood, eyewash stations, safety showers
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene), eye protection (goggles, face shield), lab coat or impervious coveralls, NIOSH approved respirator if dust or vapor exceeds threshold
Hygiene Measures: Remove contaminated clothing, avoid eating or drinking in work area, wash hands before breaks and after shift
Appearance: Yellow to brown crystalline solid
Odor: Faint aromatic odor
Odor Threshold: Data not available
pH: Not applicable
Melting Point: 50 – 52°C
Boiling Point: 270 – 272°C
Flash Point: 119°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Data not available
Flammability: Combustible solid
Upper/Lower Flammability Limits: Data not available
Vapor Pressure: Very low at room temperature
Vapor Density: Heavier than air
Solubility: Low solubility in water, readily soluble in organic solvents like acetone, benzene
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): Data not available
Auto-ignition Temperature: Data not available
Decomposition Temperature: Above 200°C
Viscosity: Not applicable (solid at room temperature)
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal handling and storage conditions, decomposes at elevated temperatures
Hazardous Reactions: Reacts strongly with oxidizers, risk of thermal decomposition leading to release of toxic fumes
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, ignition sources, open flames, moisture, contact with incompatible chemicals
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, other unidentified toxic gases
Acute Toxicity: Oral, dermal, or inhalation exposure can produce harmful effects; LD50 (oral, rat) reported around 500 mg/kg
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Irritant; causes redness, inflammation, potential blistering
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes serious eye irritation and may damage corneal tissue with prolonged or high-concentration exposure
Respiratory Sensitization: May cause respiratory tract irritation, shortness of breath
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, or OSHA
Mutagenicity: Data not conclusive, appropriate precautions should be taken in absence of clear evidence
Repeated Dose Toxicity: Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause liver, kidney, or central nervous system effects
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic life even at low concentrations; avoid uncontrolled release
Persistence and Degradability: Tends to persist in the environment, degraded slowly by microbial activity
Bioaccumulative Potential: Moderate; accumulates in aquatic organisms and sediments
Mobility in Soil: Low water solubility, moderate vapor pressure increases potential for movement in soil
Other Adverse Environmental Effects: Risk of harming non-target species and microorganisms in soil and water environments
Waste Disposal Methods: Dispose of as hazardous chemical waste in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations; incineration recommended where permitted, never pour into drains or natural water bodies
Container Disposal: Empty contaminated containers thoroughly, triple rinse with appropriate solvent, then dispose at licensed facility
Special Precautions: Manage potential toxic byproducts during disposal, never dispose with household waste
UN Number: 1663
Proper Shipping Name: Nitro compounds, aromatic, solid, n.o.s. (contains 2-Nitro-1,3-Xylene)
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: III
Hazard Labels: Toxic
Environmental Hazards: Harmful to aquatic systems; comply with MARPOL and DOT environmental regulations
Special Transport Precautions: Ensure containers are tightly sealed and upright, transport by authorized carriers only, notify appropriate authorities in case of spillage during transport
US Federal Regulations: Subject to TSCA inventory requirements, SARA 302/313 listing for reporting toxic chemicals
OSHA: Classified as hazardous, strict adherence to workplace exposure limits required
State Regulations: California Proposition 65 not listed, other state reporting may apply
EU Regulations: REACH compliance advisable, Classification and Labelling under CLP (EC 1272/2008)
Other International Regulations: WHMIS in Canada classifies as moderate to high hazard; check national and local requirements for registration, handling, and workplace signage
