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Chemical Name: 2-Methyl-1-Propanol
Common Names: Isobutanol, Isobutyl alcohol
Chemical Formula: C4H10O
CAS Number: 78-83-1
Appearance: Clear colorless liquid with a characteristic odor
Uses: Solvent in paints and coatings, precursor in chemical synthesis, extraction processes, and manufacture of plastics and resins
Classification: Flammable liquid, causes eye irritation, may cause drowsiness or dizziness
Hazard Symbols: Flame, exclamation mark
Routes of Exposure: Eyes, skin, inhalation, ingestion
Acute Effects: Headaches, dizziness, irritation to eyes, nose and throat, possible nausea
Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated exposure may affect the central nervous system and liver
Component: 2-Methyl-1-Propanol
Purity: Typically over 99%
Impurities: Trace hydrocarbons or alcohols possible depending on source
Molecular Weight: 74.12 g/mol
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, support breathing, seek medical attention if symptoms persist
Skin Contact: Wash generously with soap and water, remove contaminated clothing
Eye Contact: Rinse Eyes cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, seek medical advice
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Small fires -- use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, alcohol-resistant foam; large fires -- use water spray or fog
Special Hazards: Vapors form explosive mixtures with air, containers may explode under fire conditions
Protective Equipment: Firefighters need self-contained breathing apparatus and chemical-protective clothing
Combustion Products: Releases carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide on burning
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel from area, avoid breathing vapors, provide adequate ventilation
Environmental Precautions: Prevent product from entering drains, soil or waterways
Methods for Clean-Up: Absorb with inert material, collect in closed container for disposal, clean spill site after material pickup
Handling: Use natural or forced ventilation, avoid direct contact with skin or eyes, do not inhale vapors
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers, away from heat, spark, open flame and strong oxidizers, ensure area is cool and well-ventilated, keep apart from food and feedstuffs
Occupational Limits: OSHA PEL: 100 ppm (300 mg/m3); ACGIH TLV: 50 ppm (152 mg/m3) (values may vary by jurisdiction)
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation or general room ventilation
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical safety goggles, protective gloves resistant to organic solvents, flame-retardant clothing, suitable respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before breaks and after work, keep work clothes separate
Physical State: Liquid
Odor: Sharp, alcoholic
Boiling Point: 108 °C
Melting Point: -108 °C
Flash Point: 28 °C (closed cup)
Vapor Pressure: 10 mm Hg at 20 °C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, miscible with most organic solvents
Density: 0.8 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Viscosity: Low viscosity
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): 0.8 estimated
Chemical Stability: Remains stable under normal storage conditions
Conditions to Avoid: Excessive heat, sources of ignition, incompatibles like strong oxidizing agents
Hazardous Reactions: May react violently with nitric acid and peroxides
Decomposition Products: Toxic fumes of carbon oxides may form if material burns
Acute Toxicity: Ingestion can cause gastrointestinal irritation and central nervous system depression; inhalation at high concentrations may lead to respiratory tract irritation and headache
Skin / Eye Irritation: Causes eye redness and watering, may irritate skin on prolonged contact
Long-Term Effects: There is evidence of liver and kidney involvement following heavy exposure
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as a carcinogen by IARC, ACGIH, OSHA
Sensitization: No factual evidence for allergic reaction in most people
Aquatic Toxicity: Low to moderate toxicity to aquatic organisms, rapid biodegradation in natural waters expected, but concentrated spills could damage aquatic life
Persistence and Degradability: Readily biodegradable under aerobic conditions
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low bioaccumulation risk due to chemical properties
Soil Mobility: Moderate mobility, unlikely to persist in soils
Waste Disposal Methods: Follow local regulations for disposal, do not pour down drains or into environment, consider incineration in well-controlled facility with emission scrubbing
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse containers before recycling or disposal, treat as chemical waste
UN Number: 1212
Proper Shipping Name: Isobutanol
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid)
Packing Group: III
Environmental Hazards: Not classified as marine pollutant
Occupational Safety: Subject to workplace air monitoring requirements, requires accessible safety signage
Labelling Requirements: Clearly indicate flammable and irritant risks, include hazard pictograms
Restrictions: Storage and handling regulated for volume and ventilation requirements in many jurisdictions
Environmental Release: Not listed as a persistent organic pollutant or ozone depleting substance
