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Chemical Name: 2-Methyl-1-Butene
Synonym: Isoamylene
CAS Number: 563-46-2
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: Gasoline-like sharp aroma
Usage: Typically leveraged as an intermediate in organic synthesis, additive in fuel formulations, and component in polymerization processes
Boiling Point: 32°C to 34°C
Molecular Formula: C5H10
Molecular Weight: 70.13 g/mol
GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 2), Skin and eye irritant
Hazard Statements: Poses fire risk upon exposure to ignition source; may cause skin and respiratory tract irritation; vapor concentrations can induce dizziness or drowsiness
Pictograms: Flame, exclamation mark
Signal Word: Danger
Primary Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact
Acute Symptoms: Headache, nausea, eye reddening, skin dryness
Component: 2-Methyl-1-Butene (purity > 95%)
Impurities: May include traces of other C5 hydrocarbons
Physical State: Liquid at ambient temperatures
Inhalation: Move affected individual to fresh air; if breathing difficulty persists, administer oxygen and seek medical attention
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash thoroughly with soap and water
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes; remove contact lenses if present; continue rinsing
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, offer water for dilution, and consult a medical professional immediately
Note to Physicians: Treat symptomatically for hydrocarbon exposure; watch for respiratory complications
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical powders, foam, carbon dioxide
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Direct water jets may spread the fire
Special Protective Equipment: Firefighters need self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear
Hazards During Fire: Vapors form explosive mixtures with air; combustion yields toxic gases including carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide
Firefighting Instructions: Isolate area and cool containers using water spray from a safe distance to prevent pressure build-up and possible explosion
Personal Precautions: Eliminate ignition sources, ventilate area, wear appropriate PPE such as chemical-resistant gloves and safety goggles
Environmental Precautions: Contain spill to prevent entry into drains or waterways
Cleanup Methods: Use non-sparking tools to absorb spillage with inert material like sand or earth and place into chemical waste containers for disposal
Spill Response: Evacuate non-essential personnel and control access until area is declared safe
Handling: Prevent inhalation of vapors, avoid contact with skin or eyes, employ in well-ventilated environments with explosion-proof equipment
Storage: Maintain tightly closed containers in cool, dry, and well-ventilated spaces; separate from oxidizers, acids, and heat sources
Static Discharge: Ground and bond containers when transferring to minimize ignition risk
Storage Limitations: Keep away from sunlight and incompatible materials
Engineering Controls: Use fume hoods, local exhaust ventilation, and flame-proof electrical setups
Respiratory Protection: Chemical cartridge respirators if airborne limits are exceeded; air-supplied protection in confined environments
Skin Protection: Use resistant gloves like nitrile and long-sleeved protective clothing
Eye Protection: Use safety goggles with side shields and face shields for splash protection
Workplace Hygiene: Wash hands before eating or drinking, remove contaminated clothing promptly, avoid touching face during use
Physical State: Liquid
Color: Transparent
Odor: Similar to gasoline
pH: Not applicable
Boiling Point: 32 to 34°C
Melting Point: Below -120°C
Density: 0.65 g/cm³ at 20°C
Vapor Pressure: High, increases rapidly with temperature
Solubility: Insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents
Flash Point: Below -18°C, which means it ignites easily
Flammability: Highly flammable liquid and vapor
Autoignition Temperature: Approximately 415°C
Explosion Limits: Lower limit around 1.6%, upper limit can be as high as 8.4% by volume in air
Chemical Stability: Remains stable under recommended storage and handling
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, open flames, static electricity, high temperature, incompatible chemicals
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers, acids, halogens
Potential Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, unburned hydrocarbons during combustion
Polymerization: Unlikely under standard conditions, but possible under catalytic influence
Likely Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact
Acute Effects: Can cause irritated mucous membranes, dizziness, headaches, nausea, skin dryness, redness
Chronic Effects: Prolonged exposure may dry or crack skin; repeated inhalation could sensitize respiratory pathways
LD50 Data: Published data reports oral LD50 in rats of over 2000 mg/kg range, pointing to moderate toxicity
Carcinogenicity: Evidence lacking for human carcinogenic potential; more assessment needed
Specific Target Organ Effects: Nervous system depression at high concentrations; sensitization from repeated skin exposure
Environmental Fate: Volatile organic compound that evaporates quickly, may contribute to smog formation
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects at elevated concentrations
Bioaccumulation: Potential for migration through soil; fish and aquatic species can absorb hydrocarbon compounds
Persistence: Breaks down under sunlight, but persists in poorly ventilated soil or water environments
Mobility: High, especially in vapor phase, can spread in air before degrading
Waste Treatment Methods: Incinerate under controlled conditions
Container Disposal: Drain vapors, then send to reclaim or approved disposal facilities
Regulatory Compliance: Follow local and national hazardous waste guidelines to reduce risk to handlers and the environment
Special Precautions: Prevent release to sewers or public waterways; ensure residues are completely eliminated
UN Number: UN 2459
Proper Shipping Name: 2-Methyl-1-Butene
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid)
Packing Group: II
Label Requirements: Flammable liquid label mandatory
Transport Risks: Containers need protection from physical shock and flame; spill containment materials should be on hand at all times during transit
Chemical Inventory Status: Appears on major chemical inventories including TSCA, EINECS
Workplace Regulations: Subject to OSHA flammable liquid handling guidelines
Emission Controls: Controls apply due to volatile organic compound designation under US EPA and similar regulations in Europe
Reporting Requirements: Facilities exceeding certain thresholds may be required to report emissions or inventory by law
