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Chemical Name: 2-Aminophenol Synonyms: o-Aminophenol, ortho-Aminophenol Appearance: Pale brown to white crystals or powder CAS Number: 95-55-6 Formula: C6H7NO Primary Uses: Dyes, hair coloring agents, chemical synthesis, photographic developers
Acute Health Risks: Irritates eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Can trigger allergic reactions after skin contact. Inhalation leads to coughing or difficulty breathing. Chronic Health Hazards: Repeated exposure increases the risk of allergy and dermatitis. Long-term handling may sensitize airways. Flammability: Non-flammable but supports combustion if mixed with air or other materials. Environmental Hazards: Harmful to aquatic life through runoff and spills.
Main Component: 2-Aminophenol Purity: Usually above 99 percent in general chemical supply Impurities: Products may contain traces of related aromatic amines depending on manufacturing
Inhalation: Take the exposed person to fresh air. If breathing becomes difficult, seek immediate medical help. Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Rinse affected skin with plenty of water and soap to minimize irritation or allergic reaction. Eye Contact: Flush eyes carefully with running water for around ten minutes. Remove contact lenses if applicable; get medical assistance if pain persists. Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly. Never induce vomiting. Call for medical attention if discomfort or symptoms develop.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry powder, foam, or carbon dioxide for small fires. Water spray can cool containers but is not ideal for extinguishing. Hazardous Combustion Products: Burning produces toxic gases, including nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. Protective Equipment: Respirators and suitable clothing reduce exposure to combustion products. Firefighting Advice: Avoid inhaling fumes and runoff by standing upwind and limiting exposure.
Personal Precautions: Wear gloves, safety goggles, and a dust mask to prevent skin and respiratory exposure. Avoid contact with dust. Environmental Measures: Use absorbents if a spill spreads. Prevent chemical from reaching drains, sewers, or waterways. Clean-Up Methods: Scoop up spilled material and place it in a proper waste container for disposal. Ventilate the area thoroughly to avoid inhalation risks and lingering contamination.
Safe Handling: Handle powder or crystals in well-ventilated spaces. Avoid touching eyes, nose, or mouth in work areas. Use utensils or tools to transfer instead of bare hands. Storage Requirements: Store in cool, dry places away from direct sunlight and sources of heat. Keep containers sealed tightly. Isolate from incompatible substances like oxidizers and acids. Longevity of Stored Product: Prolonged exposure to moisture and oxygen will degrade quality and increase hazards.
Ventilation: Fume hoods, exhaust fans, or open windows help reduce airborne exposure, especially in industrial or lab environments. Protective Clothing: Standard laboratory coats, chemical-resistant gloves, protective goggles keep contact to a minimum. Respiratory Protection: Dust masks or respirators offer necessary protection if dust creation is likely or ventilation is poor. Eye Protection: Splash-resistant safety goggles or face shields reduce risk from accidental splashes or contact.
Appearance: White to faintly brown crystalline powder Odor: Faint, similar to phenolic substances Molecular Weight: 109.13 g/mol Melting Point: Around 170 to 174°C Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling Solubility: Slightly dissolved in water; readily dissolved in alcohol and ether Vapor Pressure: Very low under ambient conditions
Chemical Stability: Stable in cool, dry, well-sealed conditions. Unstable in moist or hot environments. Reactive Hazards: Reacts with strong oxidizers and acids, sometimes violently. Decomposition: Heating releases hazardous vapors, including nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and ammonia. Incompatibles: Avoid with peroxides, nitric acid, and strong mineral acids.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin absorption, eye contact, and ingestion Acute Toxicity: Harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. Symptoms include headache, allergy, nausea, or dizziness. Chronic Exposure: Prolonged exposure causes skin sensitivity and dermatitis. Carcinogenicity: No strong evidence linking 2-aminophenol directly to cancer in humans, but other aromatic amines show such connections, so precaution is reasonable.
Aquatic Effects: Toxic to aquatic organisms; may cause long-term negative effects in waterways even at low concentrations. Persistence: Degrades slowly in the environment; bioaccumulation not significant but runoff concerns persist. Soil Effects: Absorption and breakdown happen gradually, but improper disposal causes contamination. Wildlife Considerations: Avoid releasing large or concentrated amounts; persistent exposure disrupts ecosystem health.
Waste Handling: Dispose of as hazardous chemical waste through licensed disposal facilities. Don’t pour down the drain or mix with household garbage. Container Disposal: Rinse thoroughly and strip labels before discarding or recycling containers. Best Practices: Follow local regulations and consult municipal or regional programs for chemical waste. Document all disposal steps for accountability.
Packing Guidelines: Store in sealed, clearly labeled containers. Secure upright to prevent tipping or accidental leaks during transport. Compatibility: Segregate from incompatible chemicals, especially strong oxidizers. Labeling: Check containers for proper chemical name and relevant hazard symbols to inform handlers and emergency responders. Precautions: Keep paperwork available for regulatory or emergency checks.
Global Status: Listed on chemical inventories in the US, EU, Japan, and Australia. Workplace Regulations: Occupational exposure guidelines limit airborne concentrations where available. Labeling Needs: Products sold require proper hazard labeling, risk warnings, and safety instructions in most jurisdictions. Transport Classification: Not always regulated as hazardous in small quantities, but bulk shipments must align with regional and international chemical transport rules. Worker Protection: Regular training and updated safety information help maintain compliance and reduce workplace accidents.
