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Chemical Name: 2,6-Dimethylmorpholine
Chemical Formula: C6H13NO
Common Synonyms: DMM, Dimethylmorpholine
CAS Number: 6365-48-6
Classification: Irritant to skin, eyes, and respiratory system
Pictograms: Exclamation mark signaling caution
Main Hazards: Vapor, liquid, or aerosol contact causes burning of skin and eyes. Prolonged exposure in poorly ventilated spaces leads to coughing, headache, and malaise. High concentrations can irritate the lungs.
Hazard Statements: Causes skin and eye irritation; may cause respiratory tract irritation; may be harmful if swallowed.
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing vapor or gas; wear protective gloves and eye protection; use only in ventilated areas.
2,6-Dimethylmorpholine (C6H13NO): Usually greater than 98% in pure samples.
Impurities: Trace residual solvents from synthesis, water, and related morpholine derivatives.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and flush skin with plenty of running water. If burns or irritation persist, get medical attention.
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses. Seek medical care if irritation remains.
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air promptly. Seek medical help if symptoms don’t ease.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting. Seek immediate medical consultation.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide. Water streams can spread the liquid.
Specific Hazards: Vapors form explosive mixtures with air. Thermal decomposition yields toxic gases including nitrogen oxides.
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and chemical-resistant suits.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate non-essential personnel; ventilate affected area; avoid breathing vapors.
Spill Response: Absorb spills with inert material like sand or vermiculite. Collect and place waste in labeled containers for disposal.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains and waterways due to aquatic toxicity risk.
Handling: Use chemical-resistant gloves and splash-proof eye protection. Work in a chemical fume hood or well-ventilated area.
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers, away from acids, oxidizers, and sources of ignition. Store at room temperature, protected from direct sunlight and moisture.
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, strong oxidizing agents.
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation or fume hoods required to control vapor.
Respiratory Protection: Use an approved respirator if vapor levels rise above safe limits.
Skin Protection: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, lab coats, and closed footwear.
Eye Protection: Safety goggles or full face shield.
Exposure Limits: No published occupational exposure limits for 2,6-Dimethylmorpholine, but follow general guidelines for amines and morpholine derivatives.
Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid.
Odor: Mild, amine-like odor.
Boiling Point: Estimated range from 150 to 160°C.
Melting Point: Below room temperature; remains liquid under normal conditions.
Solubility: Miscible with water and most organic solvents.
Vapor Pressure: Moderate at room temperature.
Flash Point: Data points to around 60°C, so treat as flammable in warm environments.
Density: Roughly 0.9 g/cm³ at 20°C.
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage and handling conditions.
Hazardous Reactions: Reacts with acids to release heat and produce salts. Strong oxidizers can trigger violent reactions.
Decomposition Products: High heat or fire releases nitrogen oxides and other toxic fumes.
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, open flames, and incompatible substances.
Acute Effects: Exposure causes skin redness, eye burns, respiratory tract irritation, and headaches.
Chronic Exposure: Prolonged or repeated contact may damage skin, eyes, and mucous membranes; potential for liver and kidney impact in high doses.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin or eye contact, ingestion.
Animal Studies: Morpholine compounds show moderate acute toxicity; no strong evidence for carcinogenicity with 2,6-Dimethylmorpholine, but chemical cousins show risks at very high exposures.
Environmental Impact: Harmful to aquatic organisms at high concentrations. Spills or leaks near water bodies pose risks.
Degradability: Expected to be biodegradable under standard conditions, though breakdown can slow down in cold or low-aeration environments.
Bioaccumulation: Not expected to build up significantly in living tissue.
Waste Handling: Collect and label as chemical waste. Store away from regular trash and keep in closed containers.
Disposal Methods: Dispose through a licensed hazardous waste contractor. Incineration with proper emission controls preferred.
Precautions: Never pour down the drain or mix with household waste due to danger to water supplies and sewage systems.
UN Number: Not always assigned; check current regulations for hazardous chemicals related to amines.
Proper Shipping Name: 2,6-Dimethylmorpholine or Related Amines.
Hazard Class: Class 8 (if corrosive properties apply), otherwise handle as a regulated flammable or irritant material.
Packing Group: Usually III for materials with moderate hazard.
Handling Precautions for Transport: Keep away from food, animal feed, and incompatible materials; ensure containers are tightly sealed and upright.
Workplace Regulation: Falls under general federal and local rules for handling hazardous chemicals.
Label Requirements: Labels should highlight toxicity, irritation potential, and flammability.
Environmental Regulation: May trigger reporting requirements if released in large quantities.
Other Requirements: Users should stay up to date with revisions from OSHA, EPA, and relevant chemical safety boards for new information on safe use.
