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Chemical Name: 2,4-Dinitroanisole
Common Synonyms: DNAN
Chemical Formula: C7H6N2O5
CAS Number: 119-27-7
Appearance: Pale yellowish crystalline solid
Odor: Aroma often faint, sometimes described as similar to ether
Classification: Classified under GHS as a toxic substance
Physical Hazards: Flammable dust in moisture-free environments, risk of explosion increases under heat or impact
Health Hazards: Harmful if inhaled or swallowed, can cause respiratory irritation, may affect liver and kidneys, causes skin and eye irritation
Environmental Hazards: Toxic to aquatic life, potential for long-term effects in water environments
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, exclamation mark, environmental hazard symbol
Main Ingredient: 2,4-Dinitroanisole (100%)
Impurities: May contain minute amounts of related nitro and methoxy aromatics; these can influence reactivity
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, loosen clothing, monitor for breathing difficulty, seek immediate medical attention if symptoms persist
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse affected skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes gently with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids open to flush out the substance
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water, avoid vomiting, seek immediate medical help due to risk of systemic toxicity
Notes for Medical Personnel: Monitor for methemoglobinemia, support respiratory and cardiovascular function
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, dry chemical
Unsuitable Media: Avoid dry chemical powders that might react with heated substance
Hazardous Combustion Products: Emits toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide
Personal Protection: Full protective gear, self-contained breathing apparatus recommended for responders
Fire-Fighting Advice: Approach from upwind, avoid inhaling fumes, cool exposed containers with water
Personal Precautions: Remove ignition sources, evacuate unnecessary personnel, ensure proper ventilation
Spill Response: Sweep up material without generating dust, place in labeled containers for safe disposal
Environmental Precautions: Prevent material from entering drains, sewers, or water sources to avoid ecological damage
Cleanup Methods: Use non-sparking tools, double-bag residues for disposal in accordance with regulations
Handling: Only handle with appropriate PPE, avoid breathing dust and eye or skin contact, ground and bond containers to prevent static discharge
Storage: Keep in tightly closed, properly labeled containers, store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from moisture, incompatible materials, and ignition sources
Technical Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation wherever dust may be generated
Exposure Limits: No established occupational exposure limit in most jurisdictions; minimize airborne exposure
Engineering Controls: Work in fume hood or with adequate local exhaust, eyewash stations and safety showers nearby
Personal Protection: Chemical resistant gloves, safety goggles with side shields, lab coat, respiratory protection if dust risk exists
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before eating or drinking, avoid taking contaminated clothing home
Physical State: Crystalline solid
Color: Pale yellow
Odor: Faint, ether-like
Melting Point: Near 93°C
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Flash Point: Above 175°C, but avoid heating
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, much more in organic solvents
Vapor Pressure: Very low at room temperature
Partition Coefficient: Moderate octanol-water partition value, tends to persist in non-polar media
Chemical Stability: Stable under standard storage and handling conditions, sensitive to strong heat and shock
Conditions to Avoid: High temperatures, open flames, strong impact or friction
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, reducing agents, strong acids and bases, sources of ignition
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, possible toxic organic fumes
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Acute Toxicity: Harmful if swallowed or inhaled; can lead to symptoms such as headache, dizziness, weakness, or cyanosis due to methemoglobinemia
Chronic Effects: Prolonged contact may damage liver or kidney function
Skin Sensitization: May cause allergy-like reactions for some individuals
Carcinogenicity: No clear evidence for humans, but structurally related compounds sometimes show mutagenicity
Other Health Data: Eye exposure can cause inflammation, severe irritation, or temporary vision impact
Toxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic organisms; even small leaks can lead to major ecosystem impacts
Persistence: Resists breakdown in natural settings; highly persistent in soil, with potential for long-term presence
Bioaccumulation Potential: Moderate, can build up in living tissue
Mobility: Low in soil due to limited water solubility, risk of leaching increases with spills
Waste Disposal: Collect residues in tightly sealed, labeled containers; follow hazardous waste disposal guidelines
Special Handling: Do not flush into sewer or water systems; consult licensed chemical disposal contractor
Container Handling: Rinse empty containers before disposal, remove all traces of the substance
Transport Classification: Classified as hazardous for transport; subject to international, federal, state, and local regulations
Packaging: Use UN-approved packaging that contains anti-static lining
Labels: Clearly mark containers with hazard symbols for toxicity, environmental risk, and flammability
Transport Precautions: Protect from physical damage, store separate from incompatible substances, avoid heat and impact
Regulated by: Most national and international agencies under hazardous substance guidelines
Workplace Safety Laws: Exposure must be tightly controlled under OSHA, REACH, and other frameworks
Environmental Constraints: Special reporting and remediation requirements for accidental release into water or soil
Labeling: Strict labeling obligations under GHS and other standards; always include full risk phrases
