© 2026 Sinochem Nanjing Corporation,
All Right Reserved
Chemical Name: 2,3-Dichloroaniline
Synonyms: 2,3-Dichlorobenzenamine
Formula: C6H5Cl2N
Appearance: Forms pale yellow to brownish solid crystals with a sharp, pungent odor, which calls for careful recognition during work, especially in places where chemical odors can easily hide dangers.
Hazard Class: Harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through skin. Irritates skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. May damage blood, kidney, or liver over long exposure periods.
Hazard Symbols: Toxic, Irritant
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, Skin absorption, Ingestion
Acute Health Hazards: Short-term symptoms can show up as skin rash, headaches, dizziness, or nausea. Workers might notice coughing or burning feeling in the nasal area after a spill or poor fume handling.
Chronic Health Hazards: Extended exposure can cause organ changes, methemoglobinemia, or other blood-related conditions. Tracking these issues matters in any space using or storing such compounds.
Fire/Explosion Risk: Not considered highly flammable, but it decomposes on heating and produces hazardous vapors, including nitrogen oxides, hydrochloric acid, and carbon monoxide.
Chemical: 2,3-Dichloroaniline
CAS Number: 608-27-5
Content: Typically found as pure material in lab or industrial settings, cuts down on side reactions and byproduct confusion.
Impurities: Trace amounts of related chlorinated anilines or residual byproducts, which can amplify risks when accidents happen or storage stretches longer than expected.
Inhalation: Fresh air and rest are immediate steps; symptoms like breathlessness, drowsiness, or blue-tinged skin mean urgent medical follow-up.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and wash skin with soap and plenty of water. Watch for blistering, rashes, or dark spots—patterns seen in people using this compound without gloves or ventilation years ago.
Eye Contact: Flush gently with water for at least 15 minutes and see a doctor. Eye exposure can build up problems unnoticed at first, especially in hot or muggy spaces.
Ingestion: Rinse out mouth, do not provoke vomiting, and get help from a licensed toxicologist or emergency room. Symptoms can take time to show, so never ignore any unexplained stomach pain after possible accidental ingestion.
Note to Physicians: Consider methemoglobinemia in severe cases—oxygen therapy or specific antidotes will be needed if cyanosis is seen.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide, or foam. Large fires may need water spray, but direct streams risk spreading the product or contaminated run-off. Hazardous Combustion Products: Decomposition in fire releases hydrogen chloride, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide. Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear. Past fire incidents remind us that street clothes create more danger for responders than the fire itself, as they trap not just smoke but toxic gas close to the skin. Special Procedures: Cool closed containers exposed to fire with water spray to prevent pressure build-up.
Personal Protection: Wear impermeable gloves, goggles, and dust masks or full-face respirators. Cleaning up without full gear leads to fast skin and lung irritation. Spill Cleanup: Contain spilled material, avoid generating dust, ventilate area, and collect residue for proper disposal using non-sparking tools. Environmental Precautions: Prevent material from entering drains or soil—2,3-Dichloroaniline lingers in earth and water, causing persistent impacts. Older cases of groundwater contamination show that unsafe disposal habits echo for decades.
Handling: Use local exhaust ventilation, store in tightly sealed containers to limit vapor escape, and work in chemical fume hoods if possible. Avoid breathing fumes, mists, or dusts—face masks and gloves aren't only for formal rules, but for real health protection, based on lessons from experienced lab workers who kept their lungs and hands safe well into retirement. Storage: Keep away from sunlight, heat, or open flame. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, clearly labeled, and segregated from acids, bases, strong oxidizers, or other incompatible materials. Incompatibilities: Strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents can trigger dangerous decomposition or chemical fires.
Engineering Controls: Use well-functioning chemical fume hoods or exhaust ventilation. Personal experience in university labs showed that even minor fume leaks can trigger symptoms within hours. Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves and goggles at all times, lab coats, and respiratory protection if vapor limit is exceeded or ventilation is poor. Exposure Limits: No established OSHA PEL or ACGIH TLV specifically for 2,3-Dichloroaniline, but similar anilines have exposure limits in the low ppm range; prudent to keep airborne concentrations as low as possible.
Molecular Weight: 162.02 g/mol
Form: Crystalline solid
Color: Pale yellow to brown
Odor: Sharp, unpleasant, easily recognized in a ventilated room
Melting Point: Around 66°C
Boiling Point: Near 262°C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water. Soluble in ethanol, ether, chloroform.
Vapor Pressure: Low at room temperature.
Density: About 1.38 g/cm³
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and handling, but sensitive to strong sunlight, moisture, or acids. Hazardous Reactions: Reacts with oxidizing agents—older chemical warehouses where acids and amines were not separated have had dangerous incidents, so segregation and clear labeling pay off. Decomposition Products: Heating or burning releases toxic gases including nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and hydrochloric acid.
Acute Toxicity: Harmful through all routes. Cases show severe skin and respiratory irritation at low doses; swallowing the solid or breathing dust can trigger dizziness, headaches, or confusion. In labs, a minor spill on the skin has caused burning sensations and nausea. Long-Term Exposure: Repeat exposure damages the blood and may cause organ changes, especially in liver and kidneys. Chlorinated anilines have shown some carcinogenic activity in animal studies, raising caution flags for chronic human exposure. Other Health Effects: Causes methemoglobinemia—oxygen transport in blood gets disrupted, showing up as bluish lips and skin. Past occupational use underscores the need for health checks, as symptoms may be subtle or appear much later.
Environmental Persistence: 2,3-Dichloroaniline breaks down slowly in the environment, so it builds up in soil and water. Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms, can kill fish and invertebrates at low concentrations. Stories of rural run-off into streams remind us that chemical misuse impacts entire food chains, thinning fish stocks, disrupting insect life, and making streams unfit for recreation. Mobility: Leaches through soil, especially in sandy or permeable ground, so spills anywhere near water supplies or drainage systems lead to long-term impacts.
Disposal Methods: Collect and send to licensed hazardous waste facilities. Never go down the drain; incinerate or treat in chemical disposal plants with proper scrubbers for released gases. Precautions: Wear full PPE during handling, as waste residues are just as risky as new product. Lessons from improper disposal—open burning or landfill dumping—show contamination that lingers for decades, making thorough, professional waste steps essential. Contaminated Packaging: Decontaminate before recycling or treat as special waste. Long past, packaging tossed in general garbage poisoned landfill sites, a mistake avoided with present regulations and discipline.
Proper Shipping Name: 2,3-Dichloroaniline
Hazard Class: Toxic Solid, Organic, n.o.s.
Packing Group: III (Moderate hazard)
Labeling: Clear hazard labeling and sealed containers for all transit. Mishandling during transport—leaky bags or broken bottles—has led to emergency clean-ups on roadways and railways, so double-checking seals and documentation plays a key role in public and worker safety.
Reporting Requirements: Under EPA Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), listed as a substance with restrictions. Must follow federal, state, and local reporting and handling rules. Worker Protection: Covered by OSHA hazardous chemicals standards for training, PPE, and workplace information access. Community Impact: Chemical safety reporting for communities likely covers this material so neighbors, local authorities, and emergency services know what’s stored or shipped near homes and schools. Restrictions: Environmental and workplace legislation limit discharge to water and atmosphere, allowing only controlled releases, after-treatment, and routine audits.
