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Product Name: 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-P-Dioxin
Chemical Formula: C12H4Cl4O2
Other Names: TCDD, Dioxin
CAS Number: 1746-01-6
Recommended Use: Not for commercial use, research chemical only
Supplier Details: Manufacturer and supplier information available on request for safety compliance
Emergency Contact: Refer to local regulations for emergency contact numbers, immediate reporting to relevant authorities in the event of suspected exposure or spill is critical
Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation); Skin corrosion/irritation; Serious eye damage; Germ cell mutagenicity; Carcinogenicity; Reproductive toxicity; Specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposure); Environmental hazard
Pictograms: Skull and crossbones, Health hazard, Environmental hazard
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe health risks including cancer and reproductive toxicity; Highly toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects; May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure; May cause genetic defects and birth defects
Precautionary Statements: Avoid all contact; Prevent release to environment; Use personal protective equipment; Seek immediate medical advice if exposed
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact
Component: 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-P-Dioxin
Purity: Typically above 99% in laboratory settings
Impurities: Possible presence of related polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans in trace amounts
Form: Crystalline solid or powder, may appear as a pale yellow solid depending on purity
Inhalation: Remove victim to fresh air immediately; supply oxygen if breathing is difficult; seek medical attention
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash skin gently and thoroughly with soap and water; do not use solvents or alcohol; seek immediate medical attention
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids occasionally; seek immediate ophthalmological care
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth thoroughly; obtain medical attention quickly; monitor for signs of toxicity
General Advice: Obtain medical supervision in all cases of exposure; keep patient under observation due to delayed onset of symptoms
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, avoid high pressure water streams to prevent spread
Specific Hazards from Combustion: Toxic chlorine, hydrogen chloride, phosgene, and dioxin fumes may be released
Protective Equipment: Full protective gear including self-contained breathing apparatus required for all personnel; hazardous chemicals can be released in smoke
Additional Information: Evacuate area; keep upwind; prevent contaminated water runoff from entering sewers and watercourses
Personal Precautions: Restrict access to trained personnel only; wear protective clothing including respiratory protection
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spills from entering water systems, drains, and soil; notify authorities immediately on large spills
Clean Up Methods: Collect spilled material using wet methods or HEPA-filter vacuum; avoid dust generation; store in secure, labelled container for proper disposal; decontaminate area with sodium hypochlorite solution followed by detergent and rinsing
Safe Handling: Always handle in fume hood or well-ventilated laboratory; use gloves, lab coat, and respiratory protection; avoid all personal exposure, no eating, drinking, or smoking in area; follow strict hygiene protocols
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed containers in a secure, cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers and reduces; access only to authorized and trained professionals
Incompatibilities: Strong oxidizers, acids, reducing agents, direct sunlight, heat
Occupational Exposure Limits: No safe level established; minimize exposure as much as technically possible; OSHA standards extremely strict (action level < 0.1 ppb)
Engineering Controls: Fume hoods or local exhaust ventilation systems, closed process systems, glove boxes preferred
Personal Protection: Air-purifying respirator with appropriate filters, double gloves (nitrile over latex), chemical-resistant clothing, face shield or goggles
Hygiene Measures: Decontaminate hands and containers after handling; never touch exposed skin, mouth, or eyes
Environmental Controls: Implement strict effluent and waste controls to prevent any release
Appearance: Solid, white to pale yellow crystals
Odor: Odorless
Melting Point: 305–306°C
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Solubility: Practically insoluble in water; soluble in benzene, toluene, and some organic solvents
Vapor Pressure: Extremely low; negligible at room temperature
Partition Coefficient: log Kow around 6.8, very high bioaccumulation potential
Stability: Stable under normal laboratory storage conditions
Chemical Stability: Stable at room temperature; degrades on prolonged exposure to light, heat, and strong acids or bases
Reactivity: Inert in most laboratory scenarios but can be transformed by strong oxidizers, high temperatures
Incompatible Materials: Avoid contact with reducing agents, strong acids, and strong bases
Decomposition Products: Hazardous gases including hydrogen chloride, chlorine, phosgene, dioxin-related compounds
Conditions to Avoid: Open flames, sunlight, high temperature, direct contact with incompatible chemicals
Acute Toxicity: Extremely toxic; LD50 (rat, oral) estimated less than 0.001 mg/kg
Chronic Toxicity: Classified as a human carcinogen (IARC Group 1); highly potent in causing cancer, immune system suppression, chloracne, developmental damage, endocrine disruption, and reproductive toxicity
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion
Symptoms of Exposure: Fatigue, muscle pain, chloracne, weight loss, liver dysfunction, neuropathy, teratogenic effects
Target Organs: Liver, skin, immune system, reproductive organs
Mutagenicity/Carcinogenicity: Strong evidence for mutagenic and carcinogenic properties from animal and human studies
Other Risks: Bioaccumulates in fats; symptoms of toxicity may appear delayed well after exposure
Toxicity: Extremely toxic to aquatic life, especially fish and invertebrates, with effects persisting over generations
Persistence and Degradability: Highly persistent, does not readily break down in the environment; soil and sediment half-life measured in years to decades
Bioaccumulative Potential: Biomagnifies through food chain, accumulates in animal and human fat
Mobility in Soil: Binds strongly to organic matter and particles, minimal leaching but can move with suspended solids
Impact: Poses long-term hazards to wildlife, disrupts reproductive and immune systems, causes death at very low doses
Precautions: Never release to environment; prevent all runoff, emissions, or discharge
Waste Disposal: Collect as hazardous waste; incineration in certified high-temperature hazardous waste incinerator equipped with gas scrubbing systems
Contaminated Containers: Triple rinse with appropriate solvent, then dispose of as hazardous chemical waste
Precautions: Follow all local, national, and international regulations strictly; transport and storage locked and labeled
Do Not: Discharge to sewers, open water, or municipal landfill sites
Professional Assistance: Use authorized, specialized waste companies for all handling and removal
UN Number: 3468
Proper Shipping Name: Organochlorine Pesticides, Solid, Toxic (2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin)
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic Substances)
Packing Group: I (highest hazard)
Labels Required: Toxic, Environmentally Hazardous
Special Precautions: Only trained, certified personnel permitted for transport; secure containment essential to prevent breakage or release; always carry emergency instructions for spill or exposure
Other Details: Subject to national and international legal controls including IMDG, IATA, DOT, and ADR rules
OSHA: Considered an extremely hazardous substance under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA)
EPA: Listed as a persistent organic pollutant (POP), subject to strict controls under TSCA, CERCLA, and RCRA
IARC: Group 1 Carcinogen
Other Global Regulations: Covered by the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants; banned or severely restricted in nearly all countries
Other Local Laws: Must comply with state, national, and international restrictions, notification, and emergency planning rules beyond federal guidelines
Reporting Requirements: Immediate notification required for any accidental release; regular inventory tracking and risk management plans recommended for all users
Training: Mandatory training required for anyone handling, storing, or disposing of TCDD
