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Chemical Name: 2,2-Dimethylpropane
Synonyms: Neopentane
Chemical Formula: C5H12
CAS Number: 463-82-1
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid or gas under standard conditions
Odor: Slightly gasoline-like
Molecular Weight: 72.15 g/mol
Physical Hazards: Extremely flammable, can form explosive mixtures with air
Health Hazards: Breathing high concentrations may cause dizziness, headaches, or even asphyxiation
Environmental Risks: Potential harm to aquatic life if released in large quantities
Label Elements: Flammable gas pictogram, Signal word "Danger", Hazard statements such as "Extremely flammable gas", Precautionary advice like "Keep away from heat, sparks, open flame"
Main Component: 2,2-Dimethylpropane at high purity
Impurities: Typically contains very low levels of other hydrocarbons but not commonly considered toxicologically significant
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air, offer oxygen if breathing becomes difficult, seek medical help if symptoms linger
Skin Contact: Remove any contaminated clothing, wash exposed area with soap and water
Eye Contact: Gently rinse with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses, consult a medical professional if irritation persists
Ingestion: Unlikely due to vapor state under normal conditions, but if liquid is swallowed, do not induce vomiting and seek immediate medical attention
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical powder, foam, or carbon dioxide
Hazards from Combustion: Produces carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, risk of explosion in confined spaces
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective gear, avoid inhaling combustion gases
Special Advice: Cool exposed containers with water spray, evacuate area if large quantities ignite
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unprotected personnel, ventilate area, eliminate all ignition sources
Spill Response: Stop leak if safe, use non-sparking tools, contain vapors using water spray to knock down
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains, sewers, or waterways, notify authorities in case of significant environmental risk
Handling: Ground and bond containers during transfer, keep away from hot surfaces and flames, use with adequate ventilation to prevent vapor build-up
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, well-ventilated place, keep away from direct sunlight and incompatible substances like oxidizers
Special Considerations: Only open containers in areas free of ignition sources, regular checks for leaks help avoid risk
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment in use areas
Respiratory Protection: Use approved respirators in situations where exposure could exceed safe limits or ventilation fails
Skin Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves and long sleeves may be needed for those with frequent exposure
Eye Protection: Safety goggles or face shield, especially around splashing or mist generation
Hygiene Practices: Wash hands thoroughly after handling, avoid eating or drinking during use
Boiling Point: 9.5°C
Melting Point: -16.6°C
Flash Point: -51°C
Vapor Pressure: High at room temperature
Density: Around 0.62 g/cm³
Solubility: Negligible in water, mixes well with organic solvents
Appearance and Odor: Clear, colorless, characteristic petroleum smell
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Reactivity: Vigorous reactions possible with strong oxidizers
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide and dioxide on combustion
Incompatible Materials: Avoid contact with strong acids, oxidizing agents, and open flames
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation is the most common, skin and eye contact pose risk but less so than inhalation
Acute Effects: Central nervous system depression, dizziness, headache, drowsiness
Chronic Effects: Long-term inhalation may worsen symptoms, but scientific evidence for carcinogenicity is lacking
Sensitization: Skin or respiratory effects from sensitization are rare or undocumented for this compound
Environmental Fate: Volatilizes readily from soil and water, breaks down relatively quickly in air
Aquatic Toxicity: Not especially toxic but may cause short-term effects in aquatic organisms at high concentrations
Bioaccumulation: Potential for build-up in living organisms is very low
Soil Mobility: Likely to evaporate before significant absorption
Methods of Disposal: Incineration in facilities equipped to handle flammable gases, avoid discharge to environment
Container Disposal: Ensure complete emptying, recycle or dispose of containers following local regulations, do not puncture or incinerate pressurized containers
Special Precautions: Consult regional authorities for specific disposal requirements
UN Number: 1262
Proper Shipping Name: Neopentane
Transportation Hazard Class: 2 (Flammable gas)
Packing Group: Not typically classified under packing groups due to being a compressed gas
Transport Risks: Keep away from sources of ignition, secure cylinders during transport, use appropriate signage indicating flammable contents
Regulatory Status: Included in chemical inventories such as TSCA in the United States and EINECS in the European Union
Occupational Exposure Limits: Governed by standards set by agencies like OSHA and ACGIH, typically referencing hydrocarbon mixture exposure
Reporting Requirements: Subject to hazardous chemical reporting if used or stored above threshold limits
Environmental Regulations: Requirements exist for spill reporting and prevention under federal and state environmental laws in many jurisdictions
