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Product Name: 1-Pentyne
Chemical Formula: C5H8
CAS Number: 627-19-0
Synonyms: n-Butylacetylene, Butylacetylene
Recommended Use: Laboratory chemical, raw material for synthesis
Supplier Identification: Check local distribution for manufacturer, emergency numbers vary by country.
Emergency Contact: CHEMTREC: +1-800-424-9300 (USA); for international, refer to local hazardous materials databases.
GHS Classification: Flammable liquids (Category 2), Acute toxicity - inhalation (Category 4), Skin irritation (Category 2), Eye irritation (Category 2A)
Label Elements: Signal word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Highly flammable liquid and vapor. Causes skin irritation. May cause respiratory irritation. Harmful if inhaled.
Pictograms: Flame, Exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Keep containers away from heat, sparks, and open flame. Avoid breathing vapors or spray mist. Use only outdoors or in well-ventilated areas. Use personal protective equipment as specified by workplace guidelines.
Chemical Name: 1-Pentyne
CAS Number: 627-19-0
Concentration: 98% or higher in typical laboratory stock; lower concentration in diluted forms
Impurities: Includes potential traces of allene, butyne, pentane, and pentene depending on source and supplier. Contaminants may contribute further to toxicity and flammability.
Inhalation: Move affected person into fresh air and keep comfortable for breathing. Give artificial respiration if not breathing. Get medical advice if symptoms persist—dizziness, headache, or nausea could indicate exposure.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse skin with plenty of water. Wash thoroughly for 15 minutes. Seek medical attention for persistent irritation or burns.
Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water, lifting upper and lower eyelids occasionally for at least 15 minutes. Get medical attention if discomfort continues.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth immediately. Never give anything by mouth to someone unconscious. Seek urgent medical help if swallowed.
Important Symptom Notes: Coughing, irritation, headache, and skin redness may develop. Stay vigilant and always consult medical professionals after any significant exposure.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, or water mist.
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Direct water stream may spread the fire.
Hazardous Combustion Products: May produce carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and potentially irritating fumes.
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should use self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.
Fire and Explosion Risks: Vapors can form explosive mixtures with air and may travel to ignition sources. Containers can explode in heat or fire.
Specific Tactics: Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Prevent runoff from contaminating soil or entering water systems.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area. Eliminate ignition sources. Ventilate closed spaces. Avoid inhalation and skin contact.
Protective Equipment: Nitrile gloves, splash goggles, flame-resistant clothing, appropriate respiratory protection.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe. Keep out of sewers and drains.
Clean-Up Methods: Absorb spills with inert material like sand or vermiculite. Place waste in labeled chemical waste containers. Wash spill area with plenty of water; consult waste disposal experts for larger spills.
Handling: Store and use only in well-ventilated areas. Ground and bond containers during transfer. Keep away from spark, heat, open flame, and static electricity sources. Do not breathe vapors. Avoid prolonged or repeated skin contact.
Storage: Keep containers tightly sealed and store in a cool, dry, flameproof location. Separate from oxidizing materials, acids, alkalis, and foodstuffs. Post proper warning signage and ensure local regulators approve the storage system.
Engineering Controls: Use explosion-proof ventilation to keep air concentrations below occupational limits. Local exhaust recommended for lab and industrial environments.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Chemical safety goggles, flame-retardant gloves, lab coats or chemical aprons. Select suitable respiratory protection when ventilation is inadequate.
Occupational Exposure Limits: No established OSHA PEL; engineering controls must reduce exposures as low as possible.
Monitoring Methods: Regular air monitoring in high-use spaces; periodic checks for vapor accumulation near storage zones.
Appearance: Colorless liquid with a characteristic sweet, gasoline-like odor.
Boiling Point: 30-31 °C
Melting Point: -100 °C
Flash Point: -45 °C (closed cup)
Vapor Pressure: 400 mmHg at 20 °C
Density: 0.66 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Solubility: Practically insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents like ether and alcohol.
Auto-Ignition Temperature: 407 °C
Explosive Limits: Lower: 1.4%; Upper: 10.6% (by volume in air)
Chemical Stability: Stable in sealed containers stored out of sunlight and away from incompatible materials.
Hazardous Reactions: Rapid, violent reactions possible with strong oxidizers such as chlorine, bromine, perchlorates, or permanganates.
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, open flame, static discharge, and sources of strong oxidizers.
Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, possibly acetylene-type materials under uncontrolled conditions.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, accidental ingestion
Acute Effects: Vapors irritate respiratory tract, can cause dizziness or headache. Direct liquid or vapor contact causes irritation to eyes and skin; higher exposures risk central nervous system depression.
Chronic Effects: Repeated long-term exposure could sensitize skin or generate dermatitis. No strong evidence of reproductive toxicity or carcinogenicity, but comprehensive studies remain limited.
LD50 and LC50 Values: Specific values unavailable for 1-pentyne; structurally related alkynes typically show moderate acute toxicity by aspiration and inhalation.
Ecotoxicity: Cases of acute aquatic toxicity remain unreported, though pentynes are suspected to inhibit aquatic life at significant concentrations.
Persistence and Degradability: 1-Pentyne likely degrades under atmospheric conditions, but liquid spills may persist in water or vaporize quickly.
Bioaccumulation Potential: Expected to be low, but evidence is limited.
Mobility in Soil: High volatility means sizable spills likely migrate as vapor, but could leach with rainfall in porous soils.
Special Environmental Precautions: Prevent direct release to environment. Coordinate with local authorities if spillage affects natural habitats or water sources.
Disposal Methods: Collect as hazardous waste in suitable containers. Send to approved chemical waste treatment incineration facilities.
Do Not Dispose: Down sewers, waterways, or with general waste. Avoid open burning.
Regulatory Considerations: Comply with national, regional, and local environmental waste regulations. Professionals should check for special incinerator emission controls due to flammability and toxicity.
UN Number: UN 3295
UN Proper Shipping Name: Hydrocarbons, liquid, n.o.s. (1-Pentyne)
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquid)
Packing Group: II
Labels Required: Flammable liquid label
Special Transport Precautions: Secure containers upright. Segregate from oxidants and other reaction-sensitive chemicals in transit.
Global Regulations: Listed under TSCA (Toxic Substances Control Act), REACH registration required in the European Union. Subject to workplace chemical safety reporting worldwide.
Workplace Safety: Covered under OSHA Hazard Communication Standards; facilities storing above threshold levels report under SARA Title III.
Labeling Requirements: GHS-compliant labeling essential on all containers.
Other Requirements: Regional chemical safety plans may set specific storage, handling, and emergency notification obligations. Surpassing certain inventory volumes could invoke hazardous materials handling permits in municipal codes.
