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Name: 1-Fluoro-2,4-Dinitrobenzene
Chemical Formula: C6H3FN2O4
Appearance: Yellow crystalline solid
Alternate Names: Sanger’s reagent
Common Use: Labeling reagent in protein sequencing research
Classification: Acute toxicity, eye damage/irritation, skin irritation
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed or inhaled; causes skin and serious eye irritation; may trigger allergic skin reaction
Precautionary Details: Avoid breathing dust and fumes; keep away from open flames; minimize contact with skin and eyes; ensure proper ventilation
Physical Hazards: May combust if exposed to high heat
Long-Term Risks: Continuous exposure can sensitize skin over time; cases show risk of dermatitis
Main Component: 1-Fluoro-2,4-Dinitrobenzene, purity often above 98%
Other Constituents: Traces of residual solvents, moisture
Chemical Structure: Benzene ring substituted with fluoro and dinitro groups at 1, 2, and 4 positions
Inhalation: Move directly to fresh air; keep person at rest
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing; rinse skin immediately with plenty of water
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with running water for several minutes, keeping eyelids open
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water; seek immediate medical advice; do not induce vomiting unless specifically directed
Special Instructions: Emergency responders should use gloves and eye protection while assisting
Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide, foam
Hazardous Combustion Products: May produce toxic fumes like nitrogen oxides and hydrogen fluoride
Firefighting Tips: Approach from upwind; use self-contained breathing apparatus; avoid water jet directly on burning material
Risk of Explosion: Dust can be combustible in certain concentrations
Protective Equipment: Full protective suit, chemical goggles, gloves
Personal Precautions: Use respiratory protection; avoid contact with skin and eyes; prevent dust formation
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into soil, drains, and waterways
Clean-Up: Collect spilled material with inert absorbent; place in tightly sealed container for proper disposal
Ventilation: Open windows or use exhaust fans in affected area
Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after cleanup; change contaminated clothing
Handling: Work in a chemical fume hood; avoid inhalation of dust; wear gloves and safety goggles; wash hands after use
Storage: Store in a tightly closed container; keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place
Incompatibilities: Keep away from acids, bases, and reducing agents
Container Precautions: Ensure containers are clearly labeled; avoid storing with food or personal items
Spillage Response: Use absorbent material and dispose as hazardous waste
Ventilation: Use bench-top fume hoods or local exhaust ventilation
Eye Protection: Wear chemical splash goggles or face shield
Skin Protection: Use nitrile gloves; wear lab coat or chemical-resistant apron
Respiratory Protection: Wear a certified respirator in absence of proper ventilation
Exposure Limits: No established permissible exposure limits in many countries, but low threshold for safe handling
Workplace Monitoring: Regular air sampling in laboratories handling the compound
State: Crystalline solid
Color: Yellow
Melting Point: Approximately 174–176°C
Solubility: Soluble in acetone, alcohol, and ethyl acetate; sparingly soluble in water
Odor: Slight, pungent (some describe as nitro-aromatic)
Vapor Pressure: Low at ambient temperature
Density: Roughly 1.6–1.7 g/cm³
Stability: Stable under normal laboratory conditions
Incompatible Materials: Avoid mixing with reducing agents, active metals, or strong bases
Decomposition: Can break down to release toxic gases such as hydrogen fluoride and nitrogen oxides
Polymerization: No data to suggest polymerization under expected conditions
Additional Caution: Avoid dust generation and contact with moisture
Acute Effects: Irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract; ingestion can lead to nausea and vomiting
Sensitization: Repeated skin exposure can lead to allergic reactions
Chronic Exposure: Risk of dermatitis from regular contact
Toxicity Data: LD50 (oral, rat) reported in some studies between 180 and 300 mg/kg
Routes of Entry: Inhalation, skin contact, ingestion
Aquatic Toxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms, particularly invertebrates
Persistence: May not degrade easily in soil; can persist in water
Bioaccumulation: Potential to accumulate in aquatic food chains
Release Concerns: Significant risk to streams, rivers, and lakes near disposal sites
Degradation: Sunlight may aid breakdown, but process is slow
Preferred Method: Incinerate in modern chemical incinerators with afterburners and scrubbers
Secondary Methods: Landfill only with proper permits, using secure containers, never flush to drains
Contaminated Packaging: Dispose of containers as hazardous waste
Personal Safety: Wear gloves, mask, and goggles during disposal process
Local Regulations: Follow regional and national requirements for hazardous chemical disposal
Shipping Name: 1-Fluoro-2,4-Dinitrobenzene, hazardous material for land and air
Hazard Class: 6.1 (toxic substances)
Packing Group: II or III (depending on shipping regulations)
Label Requirements: Toxic substance labels, keep upright, protect from moisture
Special Precautions: Ensure secure packaging to prevent release and label containers clearly for all handlers
Hazardous Substance List: Listed as hazardous by global chemical governing bodies
Workplace Regulation: Subject to occupational exposure limits and labeling under chemical safety laws in many jurisdictions
Environmental Listing: May appear on lists of substances with restrictions for environmental release
Labelling: Detailed hazard statements and handling precautions required
Documentation: Facilities must maintain records for storage, use, and disposal
