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Name: 1-Chloropropane
Chemical Formula: C3H7Cl
CAS Number: 540-54-5
Physical Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Sweet, chloroform-like scent
Common Use: Solvent, chemical intermediate, research purposes
Classification: Flammable liquid, acute toxicant, skin and eye irritant
Health Hazards: May cause respiratory tract irritation, headache, drowsiness, dizziness; skin exposure causes redness or itching; liquid or vapor contact with eyes leads to irritation
Fire Risk: Vapors form explosive mixtures with air
Environmental Risk: Toxic to aquatic organisms, possible long-term adverse effects in aquatic environments
Main Ingredient: 1-Chloropropane, purity commonly above 99%
Other Components: Possible trace levels of 2-chloropropane or related impurities
Inhalation: Move to fresh air; ease breathing, seek medical attention for persistent symptoms
Skin Exposure: Wash thoroughly with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing
Eye Contact: Rinse with water for several minutes; consult a medical provider for irritation
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth, seek immediate health care
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam; avoid water jets
Specific Hazards: Emits hydrochloric acid and phosgene under fire conditions; vapor heavier than air
Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus, chemical-resistant clothing recommended
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area of unprotected individuals, ventilate space, avoid breathing vapors
Environmental Precautions: Prevent from entering drains or waterways
Cleanup Methods: Absorb using non-combustible material like clay or sand, collect for disposal, wash area with water
Handling: Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flames, minimize vapor exposure, use only in well-ventilated spaces
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers, in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, away from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers and amines
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, fume hoods, explosion-proof electrical equipment
Personal Protection: Chemical splash goggles, chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene), flame-retardant lab coat, approved respirator for high vapor concentrations
Hygiene: Wash hands before eating and after use, avoid direct contact with skin or eyes
Boiling Point: Around 46–48°C
Melting Point: -123°C
Density: About 0.87 g/cm³ at 20°C
Vapor Pressure: Notable at room temperature
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, miscible with most organic solvents
Flash Point: Approximately -25°C (closed cup)
Odor Threshold: Detectable at low concentrations
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions, sensitive to heat and light
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers, alkali metals, amines
Hazardous Decomposition: Hydrogen chloride and phosgene gases upon combustion or extreme heating
Polymerization: Not expected under normal use
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Acute Effects: Headache, dizziness, drowsiness, skin or eye irritation
Chronic Effects: Prolonged exposure may affect liver, kidneys, or central nervous system
Carcinogenic Status: Not listed as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, or OSHA based on available data
Aquatic Toxicity: Documented as toxic to aquatic life in some studies
Persistence and Degradability: Moderate volatility, not rapidly biodegradable
Bioaccumulation: Low to moderate potential due to limited water solubility
Mobility: May leach into groundwater if improperly handled
Disposal Method: Incineration in approved facilities, never dispose of in regular garbage or into public sewage
Precautions: Avoid atmospheric release, follow hazardous waste regulations
Container Cleaning: Ensure complete emptying and proper decontamination before reuse or disposal
UN Number: UN1278
Proper Shipping Name: 1-Chloropropane
Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquid)
Packing Group: II (medium danger)
Transport Precautions: Keep containers upright and secured, away from sources of ignition
Workplace Limits: Occupational exposure limits vary; some regulations limit ambient air concentrations as low as practical
Labeling: Clearly marked with flammable and toxic hazard statements
Environmental Rules: Subject to chemical control and reporting rules under several countries’ chemical safety acts
Worker Training: Training in hazard communication, spill prevention, and first aid forms part of compliance
