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Chemical Name: 1-Chloronaphthalene Synonyms: Alpha-Chloronaphthalene Chemical Formula: C10H7Cl Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow oily liquid Odor: Notable aromatic smell Common Uses: Intermediates for dyes, solvents in laboratories, legacy roles in insulating oils Molecular Weight: 162.62 g/mol CAS Number: 90-13-1
Health Hazards: Exposure can cause skin irritation, respiratory distress, headache, nausea, and—at high levels—neurological symptoms. Risk of chemical pneumonia if ingested or aspirated. Environmental Hazards: Pollutant potential in soil and water, hazardous to aquatic life, persistent organic pollutant profile. Symbol and Signal Words: “Warning” or “Danger” may appear on older labels, but across the board, risk to skin, eyes, and lungs has been documented. Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, and accidental ingestion.
Main Component: 1-Chloronaphthalene, purity in technical grade may range from 90% to nearly pure in laboratory settings Possible Impurities: Higher chlorinated naphthalenes, naphthalene byproducts, trace polychlorinated compounds
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air, seek medical help if breathing struggles persist, monitor for dizziness or unconsciousness Skin Contact: Wash skin right away with plenty of soap and running water, remove any contaminated clothing Eye Contact: Rinse eyes for at least 15 minutes using clean, running water, avoid rubbing Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth, get prompt medical attention
Flammability: Liquid may ignite with strong sources of heat or flame Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, or foam Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, phosgene, and a medley of other toxic fumes under combustion Special Protective Actions for Firefighters: Self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear are essential to limit inhalation of toxic gases
Personal Precautions: Avoid direct contact with skin and eyes, ensure proper ventilation Containment: Absorb spillage with inert material such as sand, sweep up, shovel into appropriate, labeled container Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into sewers, waterways, or soil—safe disposal trumps all Cleaning Methods: Use spill kits rated for chemical solvents, avoid water jets
Handling: Work in ventilated spaces or under fume hoods, avoid breathing vapors, and use gloves for contact Storage: Keep in tightly closed containers, store in a cool, dry area away from incompatible chemicals like strong oxidizers General Hygiene: Do not eat, drink, or smoke around this chemical, and wash hands thoroughly after handling
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, chemical fume hoods, properly maintained air change systems Eye Protection: Chemical safety goggles, face shields in splash-prone jobs Hand Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves made from nitrile, neoprene, or rubber Skin and Body Protection: Lab coats, long sleeves, and, where splashing hazards exist, chemical aprons Respiratory Protection: Use NIOSH-approved respirators if vapor concentrations exceed safe limits
Form: Oily liquid Color: Pale yellow to colorless Boiling Point: About 260°C Melting Point: Roughly -17°C Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in organic solvents Vapor Pressure: Low, but enough to be inhaled with prolonged exposure Odor Threshold: Detection below safety warning thresholds—an early sign for leaks
Stability: Stable under normal temperature and pressure Reactive With: Strong oxidizers, heat, open flame Decomposition Products: Hydrogen chloride, polychlorinated aromatics, miscible organic acid gases
Acute Toxicity: May cause serious irritation to respiratory tract, skin, and eyes; headaches and nausea signal overexposure Chronic Toxicity: Prolonged exposure linked with liver and kidney impacts, possible effects on central nervous system Sensitization: Regular handling could lead to increased sensitivity in some people Symptoms of Exposure: Redness, irritation, chronic cough, dizziness
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to fish and aquatic organisms, potential for long-term disruption due to persistence Bioaccumulation: Persistent in sediment, slow breakdown could increase concentration in food chain Mobility: Not rapidly biodegradable, adheres to soil and particulate matter
Waste Disposal: Do not pour down drains or discard with regular trash, route through hazardous chemical waste streams Incineration: High-temperature incinerators with scrubbers reduce risk of harmful byproducts Packing Material: Use containers rated for chlorinated hydrocarbons, clearly label
UN Number: Classified for transport as a hazardous substance Shipping Name: Chlorinated aromatic compound—special markings required Packing Group: Typically in Group III (moderate danger) Transport Hazard Class: Flammable liquid or environmentally hazardous (based on regulatory region)
OSHA: Treats as hazardous with workplace exposure limits EPA: Subject to hazardous waste rules, listed as an environmental concern Inventory Status: Listed on US TSCA, EU REACH, and other global chemical inventories Workplace Restrictions: Practical measures required to limit airborne concentration; adherence to local and national guidelines expected in labs and industry
