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Chemical Name: 1,3-Difluoro-2-Propanol Chemical Formula: C3H6F2O Common Uses: Organic synthesis, chemical research, potential intermediate for pharmaceuticals and specialty chemicals Physical State: Clear liquid at room temperature Odor: Mild, not particularly noticeable unless concentrated CAS Number: 453-16-7
Physical Risks: Flammable liquid, potentially forms explosive mixtures with air Health Concerns: Skin and eye irritation after direct contact, inhalation brings respiratory tract discomfort, accidental ingestion may trigger nausea and central nervous system effects given its alcohol structure Chronic Exposure Risks: Prolonged or repeated contact seems to thin out skin’s natural oils, increasing risk of dryness and dermatitis Environmental Worries: There’s evidence of aquatic toxicity—uncaptured or mismanaged releases build up in waterways impacting fragile species Pictograms You’d Expect: Flame, exclamation mark for irritant effects
Main Ingredient: Pure 1,3-difluoro-2-propanol Impurities: Trace residuals from synthesis sometimes present, including other fluorinated alcohols Concentration: Usually above 98% in commercial and research settings Hazardous Components: Most concern centers on the base compound; impurities rarely break 1%
Eye Contact: Rinse gently with plenty of water over at least 15 minutes, remove contacts if easy Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and flowing water, remove affected clothing Inhalation: Move to fresh air, monitor for persistent cough or throat irritation, keep airways open Ingestion: Rinse mouth, avoid forced vomiting, drink water if conscious—medical recommendations lean toward physician evaluation quickly Secondary Response: Symptoms sometimes delay, always wise to follow up after exposure
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide because water alone won’t always put out flammable vapor fires Unusual Fire Hazards: Combustion produces hydrogen fluoride and carbon monoxide, both demanding proper gear for responders Protective Techniques: Fire crews lean on full-face self-contained breathing apparatuses in confined fires—otherwise, risk inhaling toxic fumes Additional Insights: Heat may cause rupture of containers, so approach storage tanks with caution
Personal Protection: Don gloves, splash goggles, and wear a respirator in large releases Spill Response: Ventilate area, plug leaks if safe, contain with non-combustible absorbent material like sand or earth Environmental Containment: Keep spilled liquid from entering drains and waterways—dike if needed Clean Up: Scoop up residue and dispose of using proper chemical waste protocol; thorough soap and water wash for affected surfaces
Handling Habits: Work inside fume hoods or spaces with strong airflow, use tools to minimize bare-handed contact, label containers clearly to avoid confusion Storage Practices: Store in tightly sealed bottles, away from heat, sparks, open flames, or oxidizing chemicals Incompatibilities: Keep far from strong acids, strong bases, oxidizers, and sources of ignition Safe Location: Prefer cool, dry, and well-ventilated shelves equipped with spill trays
Engineering Controls: Good ventilation—local exhaust recommended wherever possible Personal Protective Equipment: Gloves made of nitrile or fluoroelastomer, durable lab coats, splash goggles or face shields, fitted respirators for large-scale use Exposure Limits: No established occupational exposure limit in most jurisdictions, so prudent caution rules the day Workplace Monitoring: Regular checks for airborne vapor build-up—portable monitors recommended in larger operations
Appearance: Colorless, clear liquid Odor Threshold: No established threshold, but notable at higher concentrations Boiling Point: 99–102 °C Melting Point: Below 0 °C Flash Point: Documented near 30–32 °C (closed cup) Solubility: Miscible with water and many organic solvents Vapor Pressure: Moderate at room temperature, requires tight lids to curtail evaporation Density: About 1.16 g/cm³ at 20 °C
Chemical Stability: Stable for long periods sealed from air and moisture Incompatible Materials: Reacts with strong oxidizers and acids, risking hazardous decomposition Decomposition Products: Burning creates hydrogen fluoride, a serious inhalation hazard Hazardous Polymerization: No reports of spontaneous polymerization under storage
Likely Routes of Exposure: Eyes, skin, lungs, less often by swallowing Acute Effects: Burns or irritation after eye or skin contact, headaches or dizziness from heavy vapors Chronic Effects: Ongoing low-level exposure linked to mild organ stress, but no robust long-term studies available Sensitization: Rarely documented, but not impossible if skin is already damaged Carcinogenicity: Not listed as carcinogen by IARC or OSHA
Persistence: Moderately persistent in water; doesn’t break down overnight Bioaccumulation: Little tendency to build up in animal tissue, but still not advisable for run-off Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to small aquatic life, fish and invertebrates show reduced survival at low concentrations Best Practices: Avoid dumping; every researcher, manufacturer, and user needs to watch discharge channels
Main Disposal Method: Incinerate in chemical waste facilities with scrubbing to capture hydrogen fluoride Alternative Routes: Contract hazardous waste collection service—flushing down sewers is illegal in most places Container Handling: Triple rinse containers, puncture to prevent reuse; label them as hazardous waste Regulatory Advice: Always follow local, regional, and national waste codes for organofluorine compounds
UN Number: Assigned for flammable liquids, most shippers classify under alcohols with minor adjustment for fluorination Shipping Name: 1,3-Difluoro-2-Propanol or “Flammable liquid, n.o.s. (contains 1,3-Difluoro-2-Propanol)” Packing Group: Often Packing Group II for moderate danger class Transport Risks: Ship in approved drums or bottles, ventilate cargo holds, placard for fire risk Special Advice: Check with airlines and rail for their unique handling protocols
Workplace Standards: Not explicitly listed in major workplace exposure limits, treated as a hazardous laboratory chemical Global Restrictions: Recognized in chemical control lists for import, export, and transport Labeling Requirements: Flammable and irritant pictograms mandatory User Responsibilities: Those handling it need proper chemical hygiene training and regular refresher walkthroughs
