© 2026 Sinochem Nanjing Corporation,
All Right Reserved
Substance name: 1,3-Dichloropropane
Chemical formula: C3H6Cl2
Synonyms: Propane, 1,3-dichloro-
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid with a mild chloroform-like odor
Uses: Rarely used on its own, most often found as a byproduct during the manufacture of certain pesticides and industrial chemicals
GHS Classification: Harmful if inhaled or swallowed, skin and eye irritant
Hazard statements: Harmful to aquatic life, flammable liquid and vapor, can cause central nervous system effects
Acute Symptoms: Cough, dizziness, nausea, skin and eye inflammation
Main Constituent: 1,3-Dichloropropane (CAS Number 142-28-9), typically in high concentrations
Impurities: Small quantities of related chlorinated hydrocarbons, often considered minor but not negligible because chemical manufacturing rarely produces pure streams in industrial environments
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air, keep comfortable, seek medical attention if symptoms persist
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water, remove contaminated clothing
Eye Contact: Rinse for at least 15 minutes, don’t take risks with eye exposure—seek medical evaluation
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth, seek medical advice quickly
Suitable extinguishing media: Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide for small fires; water fog for larger fires
Potential risks: Vapors can form explosive mixtures with air, containers exposed to fire can burst
Hazardous decomposition: Toxic fumes like hydrogen chloride and phosgene may form under intense heat; those fighting fires involving chemicals like this need respiratory protection and proper training
Personal precautions: Ventilate well, wear gloves, goggles, and chemical-resistant clothing
Spill containment: Mechanically collect or absorb with inert material such as sand, avoid direct release into drains or waterways, treat contaminated materials and cleanup debris as hazardous waste
Local authorities: Notify if spill volume threatens water bodies, because concentrated releases put ecosystems at significant risk
Handling: Only in well-ventilated areas, use proper ground and bond procedures since static discharge can ignite vapors, avoid inhaling fumes
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers, away from incompatible materials like oxidizers, keep away from direct sunlight and sources of ignition, never store near food or animal feed
Exposure limits: No established regulatory occupational exposure limits for the general population in many countries, but industrial workplaces often set their own thresholds
Protection: Splash goggles, chemical-resistant gloves, long sleeves, in some operations a respirator rated for organic vapors
Engineering controls: Local exhaust ventilation, process isolation where possible, spill containment equipment
Appearance: Colorless, oily liquid
Odor: Mildly sweet, chloroform-like
Boiling point: Around 120°C
Melting point: Slightly below zero Celsius
Vapor pressure: Moderate at room temperature, which means vapors can build up in poorly ventilated spaces
Solubility: Not appreciably soluble in water, mixes easily with many organic solvents
Density: Slightly heavier than water, tends to sink if spilled in water
Chemical stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures, but reacts energetically with strong bases and oxidizers
Hazardous reactions: Can react with metallic sodium, potassium, and other alkali metals with violent results
Conditions to avoid: Heat, open flame, and extended sunlight exposure trigger both decomposition and high evaporation loss, increasing fire and health hazards
Acute effects: Harmful by ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact, central nervous system depression possible at high doses
Chronic effects: Animal studies suggest potential damage to liver and kidneys from long-term repeated exposures, but little direct human epidemiology data exists
Irritancy: Definite potential for eye and skin irritation even after brief contact
Carcinogenicity: Not formally classified as a carcinogen, but related compounds have generated enough suspicion that caution dominates most safety protocols
Aquatic toxicity: Moderately toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates, especially if undiluted; because it breaks down slowly, run-off or direct disposal into waterways should be strictly avoided
Biodegradability: Not readily biodegradable, lingers in soil and groundwater
Bioaccumulation: Low to moderate risk; persistence in the environment raises broader concerns about ecosystem build-up over time even if direct evidence is still scarce
Method: Incinerate in a licensed facility capable of handling halogenated organic waste, chemical reclamation and recycling rarely feasible
Precautions: Never pour down the drain or allow uncontained evaporation, contaminated soils often need specialist remediation
UN Number: Recognized as a hazardous substance during transport
Packing group: Moderate hazard
Handling concerns: Leaks pose risks to emergency service providers, packaging should always be leak-proof and clearly labeled, trusted shippers must understand these regulations—and local communities have plenty to say about chemical shipments on nearby roads
State and federal oversight: Many regions regulate 1,3-dichloropropane as an environmental contaminant, restrict its use in consumer products, and monitor emissions from pesticide manufacturing
Hazard communication: Facilities working with this compound face strict reporting requirements for spills and releases, much of this regulation grew out of the legacy concerns tied to groundwater contamination and waste disposal practices from decades past
