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Product Name: 1,3-Butadiene [Stabilized]
Chemical Formula: C4H6
Common Uses: Tire production, rubber goods, plastics, resins
Appearance: Colorless gas with a mild gasoline-like odor
Boiling Point: Approximately -4.4°C
Vapor Pressure: High, will evaporate quickly at room temperature
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, mixes with most organic solvents
Identification in the Field: Leaking gas can form visible vapor clouds, heavier than air, collects in low spots
Physical Hazards: Highly flammable, ignites easily with sparks or open flames, risk of explosion in unventilated areas
Health Hazards: Irritates eyes, respiratory system, and skin, headaches and dizziness follow high vapor exposure, chronic exposure connects to increased cancer risk such as leukemia
Evironmental Hazards: Quick to disperse by air, persistent spills may contaminate water or soil, can affect wildlife
Warning Symbols: Flammable gas, health hazard, environmental hazard
Main Component: 1,3-Butadiene (CAS 106-99-0), typically over 99% by volume
Stabilizer Additive: Trace inhibitor, often tert-butylcatechol, present in fractions to prevent unwanted polymerization
Impurities: Hydrocarbons like butenes and butanes in small concentrations depending on source
Inhalation: Quickly move affected person to fresh air, help them sit upright and breathe deeply, monitor for coughing or difficulty breathing, give oxygen if trained, emergency services for severe symptoms
Skin Contact: Rinse exposed areas with plenty of water, remove contaminated clothing, seek medical care for redness or blistering
Eye Contact: Hold eyelids open and flush eyes using clean water for several minutes, avoid rubbing, medical help if irritation continues
Ingestion: Unlikely due to gas form, but if swallowed or suspected, do not induce vomiting, quick medical attention crucial
Flammability: Gas catches fire with little provocation, burns with an invisible or slightly luminous flame
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide, or foam
Unsuitable Media: Water streams may spread the fire, vapors can flash back
Special Hazards: Vapor forms explosive mixtures with air, risk increases in unventilated zones or near sources of ignition, heat may rupture pressurized containers
Protective Equipment: Full-face self-contained breathing apparatus, turn-out gear
Fire Response Tips: Evacuate area, spray water to cool containers, stop flow if can be done without risk, stay upwind to avoid gas
Personal Protection: Don chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, flame-resistant clothing
Ventilation: Open doors and windows, use fans to blow gas out, never use equipment that sparks
Containment: Stop leak if safe, evacuate nonessential personnel, warn others nearby
Clean-Up: Remove sources of ignition, let gas disperse naturally with good airflow, cordon off low areas as gas settles
Reporting: Notify environmental authorities if major release enters drains or water sources
Handling: Ground and bond all equipment, avoid static discharge, store and use only in designated explosion-proof areas, keep away from hot surfaces and flames
Storage: Keep in tightly sealed, approved containers, store in cool, dry, well-ventilated space, separate from oxidizers, acids, and direct sunlight
Other Precautions: Check valves and hoses for leaks before transfer, avoid splashing or rapid venting that may generate static
Workplace Controls: Install local exhaust ventilation where gas release possible, monitor air levels with gas detectors, follow strict lockout/tagout for maintenance
Personal Protection: Respirators for high exposure areas, chemical goggles, gloves resistant to solvents, earthing straps to prevent static
Exposure Limits: OSHA sets 1 ppm time-weighted average for workplace exposure, ACGIH threshold limit value 2 ppm short-term
Hygiene: Wash hands before eating, smoking, or leaving work area
Form: Gas at ambient temperature, can be liquefied under pressure
Color: Colorless
Odor: Faint, gasoline-like smell
Melting Point: About -108.9°C
Boiling Point: Close to -4.4°C
Flash Point: Below freezing, risk starts even at low temperatures
Evaporation Rate: Rapid, forms vapor clouds
Density: Gas heavier than air
Chemical Stability: Stable in sealed container with stabilizer
Polymerization Risk: Polymerizes spontaneously in absence of inhibitor or exposure to heat
Reactive With: Strong oxidizers, acids, halogens, can ignite violently in such reactions
Decomposition Products: Burns to form carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, possible peroxides when stored improperly
Storage Conditions: Cooler temps preserve stability, avoid light and high temperature storage
Acute Exposure: Inhalation causes mucous membrane irritation, fatigue, headaches, and, at high doses, central nervous system effects
Chronic Exposure: Linked to blood system cancers, especially leukemia, in workers with long-term exposure
Sensitization: No evidence suggests allergic skin or respiratory reactions, but heavy exposure may increase sensitization to other chemicals
Other Effects: High levels depress bone marrow, and may impair fertility over prolonged exposure
Environmental Fate: Breaks down in air quickly by reacting with sunlight-generated chemicals, short-lived in open conditions
Aquatic Toxicity: Not persistent in water, but fish and aquatic insects may absorb toxic doses in closed water systems near spills
Soil Fate: Little persistence, mostly evaporates before reacting with soil bacteria
Bioaccumulation: Unlikely to build up in animals or plants
Preferred Methods: Send unused gas to licensed hazardous waste handler, vent to safe outdoor flare stack if permitted by local law
Container Handling: Purge empty containers with inert gas before metal recycling, avoid punctures or open flames
Prohibited Disposal: Do not pour into drainage or open water, never landfill liquid or pressurized gas containers
Documentation: Maintain detailed disposal records per regulatory needs
Transportation Hazards: Moves as compressed, liquefied gas, pressurized tanks required
Labeling: Flammable gas, hazardous material labeling for road, rail, sea, air
Regulatory Codes: UN Number 1010, Class 2.1 (flammable gases)
In Transit: Secure upright, ventilate vehicle, do not ship near heat sources or incompatible chemicals
Workplace Safety: Covered by OSHA for occupational limits, right-to-know laws ensure information access
Carcinogen Status: Listed as a known human carcinogen by IARC, NTP, and EPA
Environmental Control: Reportable quantity triggers strict reporting under CERCLA and similar laws
Local Rules: States and municipalities often impose stricter controls, check site-specific requirements before use or storage
